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Biodegradable Polymers in Biomedical Applications: A Focus on Skin and Bone Regeneration

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Handbook of Biodegradable Materials

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Abstract

Natural biodegradable polymers have attracted a lot of attention over the past decade because of their outstanding physical, chemical, mechanical, and physiological properties. Consequently, they are widely employed in many biomedical applications including wound healing, skin regeneration, and bone regeneration as bioscaffolds that mimic the complex 3D environment of cells in vivo. Thus, these natural polymer–based bioscaffolds enhance cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation, to replace the dead or damaged parts of the body without inducing inflammation or immune response. In addition, according to their biodegradability, they are promising candidates for short-term implants. This book chapter covers the features of many natural biodegradable polymers and the standards that should be considered upon designing 3D-based bioscaffolds for biomedical applications. Then, various synthetic routes of these polymers with their properties are also summarized, Finally, four common applications (wound healing, skin regeneration, bone regeneration, and implants) are disused in the light of future trends.

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Abbreviations

AT:

Aniline tetramer

CMC:

Carboxymethylcellulose

D.W.:

Distilled water

ECM:

Extracellular matrix

FXIIIa:

Activated factor XIII

GLcA:

Glucosamine

GLcNAc:

N-acetyl-glucosamine

HA:

Hyaluronic acid

MSCs:

Mesenchymal stromal cells

OHA/CEC:

Oxidized hyaluronic acid/N-carboxyethyl chitosan

OHA-AT:

Oxidized hyaluronic acid-graft-aniline tetramer

OHA-AT10/CEC:

Oxidized hyaluronic acid-graft-aniline tetramer 10/N-carboxyethyl chitosan

PCL:

Polycaprolactone

PEG:

Polyethylene glycol

PGA:

Polyglycolic acid

PLA-DX-PEG:

Poly-d, l-lactic acid–p-dioxanone polyethylene glycol block copolymer

PLGA:

Poly(lactide-co-glycolide)

PLLA:

Poly(l-lactic acid)

PP:

Polypropylene

PVA:

Poly(vinyl alcohol)

rhBMP-2:

Bone morphogenetic protein 2

SEM:

Scanning electron microscope

UDP:

Uridine diphosphate

VEGF:

Vascular endothelial growth factor

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Biotechnology and Life Sciences Department, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences (PSAS), Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt

    Mai Abdelgawad

  2. Department of Electrical and Electronic Information Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi, Japan

    M. Abd Elkodous

  3. Materials Science and Nanotechnology Department, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences (PSAS), Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt

    Waleed M. A. El Rouby

Authors
  1. Mai Abdelgawad
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  2. M. Abd Elkodous
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  3. Waleed M. A. El Rouby
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Mai Abdelgawad or Waleed M. A. El Rouby .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Chemistry Department, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt

    Gomaa A. M. Ali

  2. Vice President of Advanced Material Research,, Stanley Black & Decker, Inc, Connecticut, USA

    Abdel Salam H. Makhlouf

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Abdelgawad, M., Elkodous, M.A., El Rouby, W.M.A. (2023). Biodegradable Polymers in Biomedical Applications: A Focus on Skin and Bone Regeneration. In: Ali, G.A.M., Makhlouf, A.S.H. (eds) Handbook of Biodegradable Materials. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-09710-2_45

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