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Deep Tissue High-resolution and Background-free Imaging with Plasmonic SAX Microscopy

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Recent Advances in Plasmonic Probes

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Nanoscale Science and Technology ((LNNST,volume 33))

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Abstract

In the field of clinical biology, imaging biological tissues play a crucial role in understanding the nature of structural and physiological changes in their content. Traditionally, for physiological and morphological studies of infected tissues, two-dimensional surface imaging of tissue sections was the standard. However, in many situations, 3D imaging of an entire tissue region becomes mandatory for a better understanding of the condition. This requires an imaging modality that can image deep inside the tissues with better resolution. But animal tissues are notorious for scattering visible light thus making it difficult to see any anomalies beyond 100 μm depth. To decrease the scattering by the tissue, IR light can be used. But according to Abbe’s law, the resolution of a microscope system is inversely proportional to the wavelength of light used. So, as two-photon excitation uses approximately twice the one-photon wavelength, the resolution becomes approximately half of the single photon. Moreover, as we try to observe deeper, scattering makes it difficult to cope with the decrease in the contrast between the object of interest and the unwanted part of the tissue. In this chapter, we will discuss one recently developed technique called Saturation Excitation (SAX) microscopy to achieve improved resolution and background-free images from depths of animal tissues using nonlinear plasmonic nanoparticle scattering as markers. Herein, we will discuss the working principle of the SAX technique and review its potential in imaging as deep as 400 μm with improved resolution and background-free contrast.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, The Assam Royal Global University, Guwahati, Assam, India

    Gitanjal Deka

  2. North Eastern Hill University, Shillong, India

    Bimalendu Deka

  3. Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan

    Kentaro Nishida & Shi-Wei Chu

  4. Department of Applied Physics, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan

    Kentaro Nishida & Katsumasa Fujita

  5. AIST-Osaka University Advanced Photonics and Biosensing Open Innovation Laboratory, Osaka, Japan

    Katsumasa Fujita

  6. Brain Research Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan

    Shi-Wei Chu

  7. Molecular Imaging Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan

    Shi-Wei Chu

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  1. Gitanjal Deka
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  3. Kentaro Nishida
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  4. Katsumasa Fujita
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  5. Shi-Wei Chu
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Correspondence to Gitanjal Deka .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, Applied Optics and Photonics Lab, Tezpur University, Tezpur, Assam, India

    Rajib Biswas

  2. Department of Biophysics Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India

    Nirmal Mazumder

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Deka, G., Deka, B., Nishida, K., Fujita, K., Chu, SW. (2022). Deep Tissue High-resolution and Background-free Imaging with Plasmonic SAX Microscopy. In: Biswas, R., Mazumder, N. (eds) Recent Advances in Plasmonic Probes. Lecture Notes in Nanoscale Science and Technology, vol 33. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-99491-4_16

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