Elements of Computer Graphics and Architectural and Engineering Drafting

Abstract

The chapter outlines elements of computer graphics particularly related to computer-aided drafting and design (or CADD) in the AEC field and presents a short overview of graphics systems and applications. Some graphic techniques and hardware are outlined including video display devices, raster scan system, random scan system, input devices, and hard-copy output devices. Graphic programming in AutoLISP, which allows users and software developers to write programs and functions, is well suited to graphics applications, but it has to be supplemented by a high-level language like C++, if the AutoLISP application graphics package is to be used in integrated CAD by Optimization. Therefore, a general procedure for integrated CADD (computer-aided design and drafting) by Optimization (which can be implemented in any application package) using both AutoLISP and C++ is developed and presented. The feasibility of using only C++ in stand-alone format for integrated CADD by Optimization is demonstrated using an example geometric programming Optimization Model, which not only solves the non-linear geometric programming optimization model but also instantly converts the optimal numerical results into drawing in the same platform obviating the need for any other software program. Research and development is suggested to derive full potential of the capability of C++ compilers including graphic capability, remove its current limitations, and expand its capabilities to produce neater and more sophisticated images and drawings in a stand-alone single platform, which will be a great contribution to the field of integrated CAD by Optimization.