Leiomyoma
Definition
Uterine leiomyoma is a benign tumor arising from myometrial smooth muscle cells.
Clinical Features
Incidence
Uterine leiomyomas are the most common pelvic tumor in women (Baird et al. 2003). Their incidence is difficult to determine due to few longitudinal studies (Stewart et al. 2017). Some uterine leiomyomas may occur in the setting of hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer (HLRCC), an autosomal dominantly inherited disease, in which the incidence is also unknown.
Age
Leiomyomas typically affect women of reproductive age (Styer and Rueda 2016) with only rare cases reported in adolescents (Moroni et al. 2015). In the HLRCC setting, uterine leiomyomas develop at an earlier age than in the general population with a median age of 28–30 years (Alam et al. 2005).
Site
Leiomyomas may be submucosal, intramural, or subserosal.
Treatment
Treatment is aimed at reduction of symptoms (heavy menstrual bleeding, bulk symptoms, pain, and impaired fertility) and depends...
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References and Further Reading
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Chiang, S. (2023). Mesenchymal Tumors, Pathology of the Uterine Corpus. In: Stolnicu, S., Ali-Fehmi, R. (eds) Gynecologic Pathology. Encyclopedia of Pathology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-97378-0_5626
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