Abstract
The genetic material in any organism passes from one generation to the next generation through the different ways of reproduction. This hereditary material is present either as DNA or RNA inside cells. The biological study of these DNA or RNA molecules for various purposes requires their isolation from their native location to the in vitro conditions. Over the years, scientists have developed different extraction techniques for DNA and RNA from a variety of cells and organisms. Moreover, with the advancement of technologies, these techniques have undergone tremendous sophistication and automation for the quick and economical yield of DNA and RNA. In spite of different methodologies used to isolate nucleic acids from the cells, there are few common steps and general biochemicals which are regularly used in the isolation steps. This chapter provides an overview of all those general steps along with the basic principles behind applying these steps during isolation protocols.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Aderiye, B. I., & Oluwole, O. A. (2014). How to obtain the organelles of prokaryotic and microbial eukaryotic cells. Journal of Cell and Animal Biology, 8(6), 95–109.
Brown, R. A., Epis, M. R., Horsham, J. L., Kabir, T. D., Richardson, K. L., & Leedman, P. J. (2018). Total RNA extraction from tissues for microRNA and target gene expression analysis: Not all kits are created equal. BMC Biotechnology, 18(1), 1–11.
Dhaliwal, A. (2013). DNA extraction and purification. Mater. Methods, 3, 191.
Lever, M. A., Torti, A., Eickenbusch, P., Michaud, A. B., Šantl-Temkiv, T., & Jørgensen, B. B. (2015). A modular method for the extraction of DNA and RNA, and the separation of DNA pools from diverse environmental sample types. Frontiers in Microbiology, 6, 476.
Martzy, R., Bica-Schröder, K., Pálvölgyi, Á. M., Kolm, C., Jakwerth, S., Kirschner, A. K., … Reischer, G. H. (2019). Simple lysis of bacterial cells for DNA-based diagnostics using hydrophilic ionic liquids. Scientific Reports, 9(1), 1–10.
Mićić, M. (Ed.). (2016). Sample preparation techniques for soil, plant, and animal samples. Humana Press.
Oliveira, C. F. D., Paim, T. G. D. S., Reiter, K. C., Rieger, A., & D'azevedo, P. A. (2014). Evaluation of four different DNA extraction methods in coagulase-negative staphylococci clinical isolates. Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, 56, 29–33.
Shen, C. (2019). Extraction and purification of nucleic acids and proteins. In C.-H. Shen (Ed.), Diagnostic Molecular Biology (pp. 143–166). Academic Press.
Sirakov, I. N. (2016). Nucleic acid isolation and downstream applications. Nucleic Acids-From Basic Aspects to Laboratory Tools, 1–26.
Shendure, J., Balasubramanian, S., Church, G. M., Gilbert, W., Rogers, J., Schloss, J. A., & Waterston, R. H. (2017). DNA sequencing at 40: Past, present and future. Nature, 550(7676), 345–353.
Tan, S. C., & Yiap, B. C. (2009). DNA, RNA, and protein extraction: The past and the present. Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, 2009.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2022 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Gautam, A. (2022). General Steps During Isolation of DNA and RNA. In: DNA and RNA Isolation Techniques for Non-Experts. Techniques in Life Science and Biomedicine for the Non-Expert. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-94230-4_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-94230-4_2
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-94229-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-94230-4
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)