Abstract
Along with diagnosis and treatment planning, management of patients requiring replacement of their dentition will require understanding of biomechanical principles along with a pure understanding between the synergy of surgery and prosthodontics. Presentation of prosthodontic goals and objectives will serve to augment the understanding required to formulate complex treatment sequencing and planning specifically for the use of dental implants. This chapter utilizes basic biomechanical and prosthodontic concepts which will be used to apply to circumstances of congenital and acquired tooth loss. It is intended to incorporate surgical knowledge to the treatment of patients afflicted with these disease processes. Additional focus will be extended to the use of rehabilitating those patients manifesting anatomical defects from tumor ablative surgery.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Wadhwani C, Brindis M, Kattadiyil MT, O’Brien R, Chung KH. Colorizing titanium-6aluminum-4vanadium alloy using electrochemical anodization: developing a color chart. J Prosthet Dent. 2018;119(1):26–8.
Abrahamsson I, Berglundh T, Glantz PO, Lindhe J. The mucosal attachment at different abutments. An experimental study in dogs. J Clin Periodontol. 1998;25(9):721–7.
Jung RE, Holderegger C, Sailer I, et al. The effect of all-ceramic and porcelain-fused-to-metal restorations on marginal peri-implant soft tissue color: a randomized controlled clinical trial. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent. 2008;28(4):357–65.
Waerhaug J. Anatomy, physiology and pathology of the gingival pocket. Rev Belg Med Dent. 1966;21(1):9–15.
Gargiulo AW, Wentz FM, Orban B. Mitotic activity of human oral epithelium exposed to 30 per cent hydrogen peroxide. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1961;14:474–92.
Cochran DL, Hermann JS, Schenk RK, Higginbottom FL, Buser D. Biologic width around titanium implants. A histometric analysis of the implanto-gingival junction around unloaded and loaded nonsubmerged implants in the canine mandible. J Periodontol. 1997;68(2):186–98.
Bengazi F, Wennstrom JL, Lekholm U. Recession of the soft tissue margin at oral implants. A 2-year longitudinal prospective study. Clin Oral Implants Res. 1996;7(4):303–10.
Olsson M, Lindhe J. Periodontal characteristics in individuals with varying form of the upper central incisors. J Clin Periodontol. 1991;18(1):78–82.
Sanavi F, Weisgold AS, Rose LF. Biologic width and its relation to periodontal biotypes. J Esthet Dent. 1998;10(3):157–63.
Tarnow DP, Magner AW, Fletcher P. The effect of the distance from the contact point to the crest of bone on the presence or absence of the interproximal dental papilla. J Periodontol. 1992;63(12):995–6.
Tarnow DP, Cho SC, Wallace SS. The effect of inter-implant distance on the height of inter-implant bone crest. J Periodontol. 2000;71(4):546–9.
Albrektsson T, Zarb G, Worthington P, Eriksson AR. The long-term efficacy of currently used dental implants: a review and proposed criteria of success. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 1986;1(1):11–25.
Schwartz-Arad D, Herzberg R, Levin L. Evaluation of long-term implant success. J Periodontol. 2005;76(10):1623–8.
Buser D, Chappuis V, Belser UC, Chen S. Implant placement post extraction in esthetic single tooth sites: when immediate, when early, when late? Periodontol 2000. 2017;73(1):84–102.
Bain CA, Moy PK. The association between the failure of dental implants and cigarette smoking. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 1993;8(6):609–15.
Kan JY, Rungcharassaeng K, Lozada JL, Goodacre CJ. Effects of smoking on implant success in grafted maxillary sinuses. J Prosthet Dent. 1999;82(3):307–11.
De Bruyn H, Collaert B. The effect of smoking on early implant failure. Clin Oral Implants Res. 1994;5(4):260–4.
Jaffin RA, Berman CL. The excessive loss of Branemark fixtures in type IV bone: a 5-year analysis. J Periodontol. 1991;62(1):2–4.
Balshe AA, Eckert SE, Koka S, Assad DA, Weaver AL. The effects of smoking on the survival of smooth- and rough-surface dental implants. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2008;23(6):1117–22.
Zarb GLU, Albrektsson T, Tenenbaum H. Aging, osteoporosis, and dental implants. Chicago: Quintessence; 2002.
Roccuzzo M, Bonino F, Aglietta M, Dalmasso P. Ten-year results of a three arms prospective cohort study on implants in periodontally compromised patients. Part 2: clinical results. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2012;23(4):389–95.
Esser E, Wagner W. Dental implants following radical oral cancer surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 1997;12(4):552–7.
Jisander S, Grenthe B, Alberius P. Dental implant survival in the irradiated jaw: a preliminary report. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 1997;12(5):643–8.
Taylor TD, Worthington P. Osseointegrated implant rehabilitation of the previously irradiated mandible: results of a limited trial at 3 to 7 years. J Prosthet Dent. 1993;69(1):60–9.
Keller EE, Tolman DE, Zuck SL, Eckert SE. Mandibular endosseous implants and autogenous bone grafting in irradiated tissue: a 10-year retrospective study. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 1997;12(6):800–13.
Keller EE. Placement of dental implants in the irradiated mandible: a protocol without adjunctive hyperbaric oxygen. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1997;55(9):972–80.
Marx RE, Ames JR. The use of hyperbaric oxygen therapy in bony reconstruction of the irradiated and tissue-deficient patient. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1982;40(7):412–20.
Chrcanovic BR, Albrektsson T, Wennerberg A. Dental implants in irradiated versus nonirradiated patients: a meta-analysis. Head Neck. 2016;38(3):448–81.
Krennmair G, Seemann R, Piehslinger E. Dental implants in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: clinical outcome and peri-implant findings. J Clin Periodontol. 2010;37(10):928–36.
Kovacs AF. Influence of chemotherapy on endosteal implant survival and success in oral cancer patients. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2001;30(2):144–7.
Karr RA, Kramer DC, Toth BB. Dental implants and chemotherapy complications. J Prosthet Dent. 1992;67(5):683–7.
Steiner M, Windchy A, Gould AR, Kushner GM, Weber R. Effects of chemotherapy in patients with dental implants. J Oral Implantol. 1995;21(2):142–7.
Chrcanovic BR, Albrektsson T, Wennerberg A. Dental implants in patients receiving chemotherapy: a meta-analysis. Implant Dent. 2016;25(2):261–71.
Estrela C, Bueno MR, Leles CR, Azevedo B, Azevedo JR. Accuracy of cone beam computed tomography and panoramic and periapical radiography for detection of apical periodontitis. J Endod. 2008;34(3):273–9.
Logan H, Wolfaardt J, Boulanger P, Hodgetts B, Seikaly H. Exploratory benchtop study evaluating the use of surgical design and simulation in fibula free flap mandibular reconstruction. J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2013;42:42.
Wiscott HA. Fixed prosthodontiocs. 1st ed. Chicago: Quintessence; 2011.
Gallucci GO, Avrampou M, Taylor JC, et al. Maxillary implant-supported fixed prosthesis: a survey of reviews and key variables for treatment planning. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2016;31(Suppl):s192–7.
Lindquist LW, Carlsson GE. Long-term effects on chewing with mandibular fixed prostheses on osseointegrated implants. Acta Odontol Scand. 1985;43(1):39–45.
Haraldson T, Carlsson GE. Bite force and oral function in patients with osseointegrated oral implants. Scand J Dent Res. 1977;85(3):200–8.
Jemt T, Carlsson GE. Aspects of mastication with bridges on osseointegrated implants. Scand J Dent Res. 1986;94(1):66–71.
Misch C. Iliac crest grafts and endosteal implants to restore 35 severely resorbed total edentulous maxillae: a retrospective study. Paper presented at: Proceedings of the 2nd World Congress of Osseointegration; Rome, Italy 1996.
Li KK, Stephens WL, Gliklich R. Reconstruction of the severely atrophic edentulous maxilla using Le Fort I osteotomy with simultaneous bone graft and implant placement. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1996;54(5):542–6. discussion 47
Malo P, Rangert B, Nobre M. “All-on-Four” immediate-function concept with Branemark System implants for completely edentulous mandibles: a retrospective clinical study. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2003;5(Suppl 1):2–9.
Aparicio C, Perales P, Rangert B. Tilted implants as an alternative to maxillary sinus grafting: a clinical, radiologic, and periotest study. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2001;3(1):39–49.
Branemark PI, Hansson BO, Adell R, et al. Osseointegrated implants in the treatment of the edentulous jaw. Experience from a 10-year period. Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg Suppl. 1977;16:1–132.
Zarb GA, Zarb FL. Tissue integrated dental prostheses. Quintessence Int. 1985;16(1):39–42.
Romanos GE, Gupta B, Eckert SE. Distal cantilevers and implant dentistry. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2012;27(5):1131–6.
Zarb GA, Symington JM. Osseointegrated dental implants: preliminary report on a replication study. J Prosthet Dent. 1983;50(2):271–6.
Henry PJ, Adler EA, Wall CD. Osseointegrated dental implants: 2 year follow-up replication study. Aust Dent J. 1986;31(4):247–56.
Costa RS, Santos PA, Nary HF, Branemark PI. Key biomechanical characteristics of complete-arch fixed mandibular prostheses supported by three implants developed at P-I Branemark Institute, Bauru. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2015;30(6):1400–4.
Laney WR, Tolman DE, Keller EE, et al. Dental implants: tissue-integrated prosthesis utilizing the osseointegration concept. Mayo Clin Proc. 1986;61(2):91–7.
Eckert SE, Wollan PC. Retrospective review of 1170 endosseous implants placed in partially edentulous jaws. J Prosthet Dent. 1998;79(4):415–21.
Wennerberg AAT, Stanford C. Materials, designs, and surfaces. In: Zarb GAT, Baker G, et al., editors. Osseointegration: on continuing synergies in surgery, prosthodontics, biomaterials. Chicago: Quintessence; 2008. p. 51–7.
Telleman G, Raghoebar GM, Vissink A, Meijer HJ. Impact of platform switching on inter-proximal bone levels around 8.5 mm implants in the posterior region; 5-year results from a randomized clinical trial. J Clin Periodontol. 2017;44(3):326–36.
Gupta S, Sabharwal R, Nazeer J, et al. Platform switching technique and crestal bone loss around the dental implants: a systematic review. Ann Afr Med. 2019;18(1):1–6.
Prosthodontics TAo. The glossary of prosthodontic terms 9th edition. J Prosthet Dent. 2017;117(5):e1–e105.
Pardal-Pelaez B, Montero J. Preload loss of abutment screws after dynamic fatigue in single implant-supported restorations. A systematic review. J Clin Exp Dent. 2017;9(11):e1355–e61.
Cho WR, Huh YH, Park CJ, Cho LR. Effect of cyclic loading and retightening on reverse torque value in external and internal implants. J Adv Prosthodont. 2015;7(4):288–93.
Sorensen JA, Martinoff JT. Clinically significant factors in dowel design. J Prosthet Dent. 1984;52(1):28–35.
Milot P, Stein RS. Root fracture in endodontically treated teeth related to post selection and crown design. J Prosthet Dent. 1992;68(3):428–35.
Assif D, Oren E, Marshak BL, Aviv I. Photoelastic analysis of stress transfer by endodontically treated teeth to the supporting structure using different restorative techniques. J Prosthet Dent. 1989;61(5):535–43.
Pjetursson BE, Tan K, Lang NP, et al. A systematic review of the survival and complication rates of fixed partial dentures (FPDs) after an observation period of at least 5 years. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2004;15(6):667–76.
Salinas TJ, Eckert SE. In patients requiring single-tooth replacement, what are the outcomes of implant- as compared to tooth-supported restorations? Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2007;22(Suppl):71–95.
Bader HI. Treatment planning for implants versus root canal therapy: a contemporary dilemma. Implant Dent. 2002;11(3):217–23.
Curley AW. Dental implant jurisprudence: avoiding the legal failures. J Calif Dent Assoc. 2001;29(12):847–53.
Chiche G. Esthetics of anterior fixed prosthodontics. Chicago: Quintessence; 1990.
Block MS, Lirette D, Gardiner D, et al. Prospective evaluation of implants connected to teeth. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2002;17(4):473–87.
Ercoli C, Geminiani A, Feng C, Lee H. The influence of verification jig on framework fit for nonsegmented fixed implant-supported complete denture. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2012;14(Suppl 1):e188–95.
Hobkirk JA, Abdel-Latif HH, Howlett J, Welfare R, Moles DR. Prosthetic treatment time and satisfaction of edentulous patients treated with conventional or implant-supported complete mandibular dentures: a case-control study (part 1). Int J Prosthodont. 2008;21(6):489–95.
Douglass CW, Shih A, Ostry L. Will there be a need for complete dentures in the United States in 2020? J Prosthet Dent. 2002;87(1):5–8.
Sennerby L, Carlsson GE, Bergman B, Warfvinge J. Mandibular bone resorption in patients treated with tissue-integrated prostheses and in complete-denture wearers. Acta Odontol Scand. 1988;46(3):135–40.
Arzouman MJ, Otis L, Kipnis V, Levine D. Observations of the anterior loop of the inferior alveolar canal. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 1993;8(3):295–300.
Salvi GE, Bragger U. Mechanical and technical risks in implant therapy. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2009;24(Suppl):69–85.
Batenburg RH, Meijer HJ, Raghoebar GM, Vissink A. Treatment concept for mandibular overdentures supported by endosseous implants: a literature review. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 1998;13(4):539–45.
Balshi TJ, Wolfinger GJ. Immediate loading of Branemark implants in edentulous mandibles: a preliminary report. Implant Dent. 1997;6(2):83–8.
Malo P, de Araujo NM, Lopes A, Francischone C, Rigolizzo M. “All-on-4” immediate-function concept for completely edentulous maxillae: a clinical report on the medium (3 years) and long-term (5 years) outcomes. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2012;14(Suppl 1):e139–50.
Aparicio C, Ouazzani W, Garcia R, et al. A prospective clinical study on titanium implants in the zygomatic arch for prosthetic rehabilitation of the atrophic edentulous maxilla with a follow-up of 6 months to 5 years. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2006;8(3):114–22.
Aparicio C, Ouazzani W, Aparicio A, et al. Extrasinus zygomatic implants: three year experience from a new surgical approach for patients with pronounced buccal concavities in the edentulous maxilla. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2010;12(1):55–61.
Aboul-Hosn Centenero S, Lazaro A, Giralt-Hernando M, Hernandez-Alfaro F. Zygoma quad compared with 2 zygomatic implants: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Implant Dent. 2018;27(2):246–53.
Araujo MG, da Silva JCC, de Mendonca AF, Lindhe J. Ridge alterations following grafting of fresh extraction sockets in man. A randomized clinical trial. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2015;26(4):407–12.
Chen ST, Buser D. Esthetic outcomes following immediate and early implant placement in the anterior maxilla--a systematic review. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2014;29(Suppl):186–215.
Salama H, Salama M, Kelly J. The orthodontic-periodontal connection in implant site development. Pract Periodontics Aesthet Dent. 1996;8(9):923–32. quiz 34
Buser D, Halbritter S, Hart C, et al. Early implant placement with simultaneous guided bone regeneration following single-tooth extraction in the esthetic zone: 12-month results of a prospective study with 20 consecutive patients. J Periodontol. 2009;80(1):152–62.
Atieh MA, Atieh AH, Payne AG, Duncan WJ. Immediate loading with single implant crowns: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Prosthodont. 2009;22(4):378–87.
Schnitman PA, Wohrle PS, Rubenstein JE, DaSilva JD, Wang NH. Ten-year results for Branemark implants immediately loaded with fixed prostheses at implant placement. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 1997;12(4):495–503.
Ganeles J, Rosenberg MM, Holt RL, Reichman LH. Immediate loading of implants with fixed restorations in the completely edentulous mandible: report of 27 patients from a private practice. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2001;16(3):418–26.
Balshi TJ, Wolfinger GJ. Conversion prosthesis: a transitional fixed implant-supported prosthesis for an edentulous arch–a technical note. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 1996;11(1):106–11.
Attard NJ, Zarb GA. Immediate and early implant loading protocols: a literature review of clinical studies. J Prosthet Dent. 2005;94(3):242–58.
Canto MT, Devesa SS. Oral cavity and pharynx cancer incidence rates in the United States, 1975-1998. Oral Oncol. 2002;38(6):610–7.
American Cancer Society. Cancer facts and figures 2019. Atlanta; 2019.
Brown JS, Barry C, Ho M, Shaw R. A new classification for mandibular defects after oncological resection. Lancet Oncol. 2016;17(1):e23–30.
Hidalgo DA. Fibula free flap mandibular reconstruction. Clin Plast Surg. 1994;21(1):25–35.
Hidalgo DA, Pusic AL. Free-flap mandibular reconstruction: a 10-year follow-up study. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2002;110(2):438–49; discussion 50-1.
Rohner D, Kunz C, Bucher P, Hammer B, Prein J. New possibilities for reconstructing extensive jaw defects with prefabricated microvascular fibula transplants and ITI implants. Mund Kiefer Gesichtschir. 2000;4(6):365–72.
Aramany MA. Basic principles of obturator design for partially edentulous patients. Part I: classification. J Prosthet Dent. 1978;40(5):554–7.
Desjardins RP. Early rehabilitative management of the maxillectomy patient. J Prosthet Dent. 1977;38(3):311–8.
Parel SM, Branemark PI, Ohrnell LO, Svensson B. Remote implant anchorage for the rehabilitation of maxillary defects. J Prosthet Dent. 2001;86(4):377–81.
Butterworth CJ. Primary vs secondary zygomatic implant placement in patients with head and neck cancer-A 10-year prospective study. Head Neck. 2019;41(6):1687–95.
Hirsch DL, Howell KL, Levine JP. A novel approach to palatomaxillary reconstruction: use of radial forearm free tissue transfer combined with zygomaticus implants. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2009;67(11):2466–72.
Okay DJ, Genden E, Buchbinder D, Urken M. Prosthodontic guidelines for surgical reconstruction of the maxilla: a classification system of defects. J Prosthet Dent. 2001;86(4):352–63.
Hanasono MM, Matros E, Disa JJ. Important aspects of head and neck reconstruction. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2014;134(6):968e–80e.
Chang EI, Hanasono MM. State-of-the-art reconstruction of midface and facial deformities. J Surg Oncol. 2016;113(8):962–70.
Nishimura RD, Roumanas E, Beumer J 3rd, Moy PK, Shimizu KT. Restoration of irradiated patients using osseointegrated implants: current perspectives. J Prosthet Dent. 1998;79(6):641–7.
Klein M, Menneking H, Neumann K, Hell B, Bier J. Computed tomographic study of bone availability for facial prosthesis-bearing endosteal implants. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1997;26(4):268–71.
Lu H, Zhao Q, Guo J, et al. Direct radiation-induced effects on dental hard tissue. Radiat Oncol. 2019;14(1):5.
Salinas TJ, Desa VP, Katsnelson A, Miloro M. Clinical evaluation of implants in radiated fibula flaps. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2010;68(3):524–9.
Granstrom G, Tjellstrom A, Branemark PI. Osseointegrated implants in irradiated bone: a case-controlled study using adjunctive hyperbaric oxygen therapy. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1999;57(5):493–9.
Lindhe J, Meyle J, Group DoEWoP. Peri-implant diseases: consensus report of the sixth European workshop on periodontology. J Clin Periodontol. 2008;35(8 Suppl):282–5.
Jemt T, Nilsson M, Olsson M, Stenport VF. Associations between early implant failure, patient age, and patient mortality: a 15-year follow-up study on 2,566 patients treated with implant-supported prostheses in the edentulous jaw. Int J Prosthodont. 2017;30(2):189–97.
Binon PP, McHugh MJ. The effect of eliminating implant/abutment rotational misfit on screw joint stability. Int J Prosthodont. 1996;9(6):511–9.
Eckert SE, Meraw SJ, Cal E, Ow RK. Analysis of incidence and associated factors with fractured implants: a retrospective study. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2000;15(5):662–7.
Balshi TJ. An analysis and management of fractured implants: a clinical report. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 1996;11(5):660–6.
Hallmon WW, Waldrop TC, Meffert RM, Wade BW. A comparative study of the effects of metallic, nonmetallic, and sonic instrumentation on titanium abutment surfaces. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 1996;11(1):96–100.
Hoerler SB, Nietz SK, Zook VL, et al. Consistency of dental hygiene therapy utilizing various dental hygiene instrumentation and its effect on peri-implant health and survival of dental implants: a retrospective study. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2017;32(6):1371–6.
Zarb G. Determinants of treatment outcome in implant prosthodontics. Towards optimal treatment outcomes for dental implants. Toronto: Univerrsity of Toronto; 1998.
Salinas TJ, Guerra LR, Rogers WA. Aesthetic considerations for maxillary obturators retained by implants. Pract Proced Aesthet Dent. 1997;9:265–76.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2022 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Muller, O.M., Salinas, T.J. (2022). Implant Prosthodontics. In: Miloro, M., Ghali, G.E., Larsen, P.E., Waite, P. (eds) Peterson’s Principles of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-91920-7_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-91920-7_10
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-91919-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-91920-7
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)