Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Implant Surgery in Patient with a Neophallus

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Penile Implant Surgery

  • 452 Accesses

Abstract

Phalloplasty may be performed either for the genetic (cis) male or in the context of gender reaffirmation surgery. Significant developments over the past decades have facilitated progress such that the phallus is more than simply an aesthetic organ. Function in terms of urethral incorporation and sexual function, by way of penile implants, have been major developments. Whilst there are specific differences when placing an implant in these two separate contexts, surgeons are being encouraged by well-documented satisfaction and complication rates. With appropriate patient counselling and the surgical ability to deal with specific complications, patients who have undergone phalloplasty are now able to achieve a quality of life which was previously not attainable.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 119.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Hage J, Bloem J, Bouman F. Obtaining rigidity in the neophallus of female-to-male transsexuals: a review of the literature. Ann Plast Surg. 1993;30(4):327–33.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Krueger M, Yekani SAH, Hundt GV, Daverio PJ. Use of erectile prostheses in patients with free forearm flap phalloplasty. Int J Transgend. 2007;10(1):19–22.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Morales PA, O’Connor JJ Jr, Hotchkiss RS. Plastic reconstructive surgery after total loss of the penis. Am J Surg. 1956;92(3):403–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Theodore Bergman R, Howard AH, Barnes RW. Plastic reconstruction of the penis. J Urol. 1948;59(6):1174–82.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Bogoras N. Uber die voile plastische Wiederherstellung eines zum Koitus fahigen Penis (Peniplastica totalis). Zentralbl Chir. 1936;22:1271–6.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Munawar A. Surgical treatment of the male genitalia. J Int Coll Surg. 1957;27:352.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Fang R, Kao Y, Ma S, Lin J. Phalloplasty in female-to-male transsexuals using free radial osteocutaneous flap: a series of 22 cases. Br J Plast Surg. 1999;52(3):217–22.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Goodwin WE, Scott WW. Phalloplasty. J Urol. 1952;68(6):903–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Mukherjee GD. Use of groin and mid-thigh flap in reconstruction of penis with penile and perineal urethra and a dorsal skin-lined socket for a removable prosthesis. Ann Plast Surg. 1986;16(3):235–41.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Selvaggi G, Branemark R, Elander A, Liden M, Stalfors J. Titanium-bone-anchored penile epithesis: preoperative planning and immediate postoperative results. J Plast Surg Hand Surg. 2015;49(1):40–4.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Puckett CL, Montie JE. Construction of male genitalia in the transsexual, using a tubed groin flap for the penis and a hydraulic inflation device. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1978;61(4):523–30.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Levine LA, Zachary LS, Gottlieb LJ. Prosthesis placement after total phallic reconstruction. J Urol. 1993;149(3):593–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Jordan GH, Alter GJ, Gilbert DA, Horton CE, Devine CJ Jr. Penile prosthesis implantation in total phalloplasty. J Urol. 1994;152(2):410–4.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Hoebeke P, De Cuypere G, Ceulemans P, Monstrey S. Obtaining rigidity in total phalloplasty: experience with 35 patients. J Urol. 2003;169(1):221–3.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Falcone M, Garaffa G, Gillo A, Dente D, Christopher AN, Ralph DJ. Outcomes of inflatable penile prosthesis insertion in 247 patients completing female to male gender reassignment surgery. BJU Int. 2018;121(1):139–44.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. van der Sluis WB, Pigot GL, Al-Tamimi M, Ronkes BL, de Haseth KB, Özer M, et al. A retrospective cohort study on surgical outcomes of penile prosthesis implantation surgery in transgender men after phalloplasty. Urology. 2019;132:195–201.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Stojanovic B, Bizic M, Kojovic V, Pusica S, Bencic M, Djordjevic M. MP04-15 Phalloplasty followed by penile prosthesis insertion in female to male transsexuals. J Urol. 2019;201(Supplement 4):e36–e.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Nimal Christopher A, Garaffa G, Ralph D. PD44-03 Outcomes of 764 inflatable penile prostheses in 547 female-to-male transsexuals undergoing phalloplasty. J Urol. 2019;201(Supplement 4):e821–e2.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Ralph DJ, Falcone M, Anfosso M, Gontero P, Nim Christopher A, Ralph O. MP04-14 Total phallic reconstruction in the genetic male: a single centre analysis. J Urol. 2019;201(Supplement 4):e35–e6.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Young EE, Friedlander D, Lue K, Anele UA, Khurgin JL, Bivalacqua TJ, et al. Sexual function and quality of life before and after penile prosthesis implantation following radial forearm flap phalloplasty. Urology. 2017;104:204–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Large MC, Gottlieb LJ, Wille MA, DeWolfe M, Bales GT. Novel technique for proximal anchoring of penile prostheses in female-to-male transsexual. Urology. 2009;74(2):419–21.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Alter GJ, Gilbert DA, Schlossberg SM, Jordan GN. Prosthetic implantation after phallic construction. Microsurgery. 1995;16(5):322–4.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Robles-Torres JI, Gómez-Guerra L, Ramos-Cuevas D, Sánchez-Uresti A, Gutiérrez-González A. PD40-04 Semiautomatic inflatable electronic penile implant prototype. J Urol. 2018;199(4S):e804–e5.

    Google Scholar 

  24. Le B, McVary K, McKenna K, Colombo A. A novel thermal-activated shape memory penile prosthesis: comparative mechanical testing. Urology. 2017;99:136–41.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Garcia M, Banie L, Lin G. 071 A novel biological device to secure and protect neophallus penile prosthesis cylinders and the neourethra following phalloplasty: acellular matrix of intact penile tunica made from human penis specimens following vaginoplasty. J Sex Med. 2017;14(2):e35.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Girsdansky JNH. Use of a vitallium testicular implant. Am J Surg. 1941;53(3):514.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Marshall S. Potential problems with testicular prostheses. Urology. 1986;28(5):388–90.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Turek PJ, Master VA. Testicular Prosthesis Study G. Safety and effectiveness of a new saline filled testicular prosthesis. J Urol. 2004;172(4 Pt 1):1427–30.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Pigot GL, Sigurjónsson H, Ronkes B, Al-Tamimi M, van der Sluis WB. Surgical experience and outcomes of implantation of the ZSI 100 FtM malleable penile implant in transgender men after phalloplasty. J Sex Med. 2020;17(1):152–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Leriche A, Timsit M-O, Morel-Journel N, Bouillot A, Dembele D, Ruffion A. Long-term outcome of forearm flee-flap phalloplasty in the treatment of transsexualism. BJU Int. 2008;101(10):1297–300.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Zuckerman JM, Smentkowski K, Gilbert D, Storme O, Jordan G, Virasoro R, et al. Penile prosthesis implantation in patients with a history of total phallic construction. J Sex Med. 2015;12(12):2485–91.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Djordjevic ML, Bencic M, Kojovic V, Stojanovic B, Bizic M, Kojic S, et al. Musculocutaneous latissimus dorsi flap for phalloplasty in female to male gender affirmation surgery. World J Urol. 2019;37(4):631–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Neuville P, Morel-Journel N, Cabelguenne D, Ruffion A, Paparel P, Terrier J-E. First outcomes of the ZSI 475 FtM, a specific prosthesis designed for phalloplasty. J Sex Med. 2019;16(2):316–22.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Callens N, De Cuypere G, T’Sjoen G, Monstrey S, Lumen N, Van Laecke E, et al. Sexual quality of life after total phalloplasty in men with penile deficiency: an exploratory study. World J Urol. 2015;33(1):137–43.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Ralph DJ, Falcone M, Anfosso M, Gontero P, Christopher AN, Ralph O. Total phallic reconstruction in the genetic male: a single Centre analysis. Eur Urol Suppl. 2019;18(1):e510.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Salem EA, Wilson SK, Neeb A, Delk JR, Cleves MA. Mechanical reliability of AMS 700 CX improved by parylene coating. J Sex Med. 2009;6(9):2615–20.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Merrill DC. Mentor inflatable penile prosthesis: clinical experience in 52 patients. Br J Urol. 1984;56(5):512–5.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Wilson SK, Delk JR, Salem EA, Cleves MA. Long-term survival of inflatable penile prostheses: single surgical group experience with 2,384 first-time implants spanning two decades. J Sex Med. 2007;4(4, Part 1):1074–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Chung E, Solomon M, DeYoung L, Brock GB. Comparison between AMS 700™ CX and Coloplast™ titan inflatable penile prosthesis for Peyronie’s disease treatment and remodeling: clinical outcomes and patient satisfaction. J Sex Med. 2013;10(11):2855–60.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Kim YD, Yang SO, Lee JK, Jung TY, Shim HB. Usefulness of a malleable penile prosthesis in patients with a spinal cord injury. Int J Urol. 2008;15(10):919–23.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Ferguson KH, Cespedes RD. Prospective long-term results and quality-of-life assessment after Dura-II penile prosthesis placement. Urology. 2003;61(2):437–41.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Hoebeke PB, Decaestecker K, Beysens M, Opdenakker Y, Lumen N, Monstrey SM. Erectile implants in female-to-male transsexuals: our experience in 129 patients. Eur Urol. 2010;57(2):334–41.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Neuville P, Morel-Journel N, Maucourt-Boulch D, Ruffion A, Paparel P, Terrier J-E. Surgical outcomes of erectile implants after phalloplasty: retrospective analysis of 95 procedures. J Sex Med. 2016;13(11):1758–64.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Cohen AJ, Bhanvadia RR, Pariser JJ, Hatcher DM, Gottlieb LJ, Bales GT. Novel technique for proximal bone anchoring of penile prosthesis after radial forearm free flap neophallus. Urology. 2017;105:2–5.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia

    Gideon A. Blecher

  2. Department of Surgery, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia

    Gideon A. Blecher

  3. University College London Hospitals & St Peter’s Andrology, London, UK

    Nim Christopher & David J. Ralph

Authors
  1. Gideon A. Blecher
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Nim Christopher
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. David J. Ralph
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Gideon A. Blecher .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Urology Division, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil

    Eduardo P. Miranda

  2. Urology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA

    John P. Mulhall

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2022 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Blecher, G.A., Christopher, N., Ralph, D.J. (2022). Implant Surgery in Patient with a Neophallus. In: Miranda, E.P., Mulhall, J.P. (eds) Penile Implant Surgery. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-82363-4_10

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-82363-4_10

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-82362-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-82363-4

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation