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Adult Stem Cells as a Biomarker in Diabetes

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Biomarkers in Diabetes

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Abstract

Obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are increasing rapidly worldwide. It is important to know the effect of exercise, medications for chronic diseases such as diabetes, HIV, and obesity on adult stem cells. Adult stem cells play a major role in remodeling of the body and tissue regeneration but may have an important role as a biomarker. In this review we will focus mainly on two adult stem/progenitor cells such as endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). These two-adult precursor/stem cells are easily obtained from peripheral blood or adipose tissue depots, as the case may be and are precursors to endothelium and mesenchymal tissue (fat, bone, muscle, and cartilage), respectively. They both are key players in maintenance of cardiovascular homeostasis and can act as a useful biomarker in prediabetes, diabetes, and several disorders that impact metabolism.

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Abbreviations

ADMA:

Asymmetric dimethyl arginine

ASCs:

Adult stem cells

CAD:

Coronary artery disease

CVD:

Cardiovascular diseases

DM2:

Type 2 diabetes

DPP:

Diabetes prevention program

DPP-4:

Dipeptidyl peptidase 4

EPCs:

Endothelial progenitor cells

INSTI:

Integrase inhibitors

MSCs:

Mesenchymal stromal cells

NNRTIs:

Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors

SET:

Supervised exercise training

SGLT2i:

Sodium glucose channel inhibitors

TBI:

Traumatic brain injury

VEGF:

Vascular endothelial growth factor

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medicine, The George Washington University, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA

    Scott Cohen & Sabyasachi Sen

  2. Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA

    Scott Cohen & Sabyasachi Sen

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  1. Scott Cohen
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  2. Sabyasachi Sen
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Correspondence to Sabyasachi Sen .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Westminster, London, UK

    Vinood B. Patel

  2. Franklin-Wilkins Bldg, Rm 4.101, 4th Fl, Kings Coll London, Sch Biomed Health Sci, London, UK

    Victor R. Preedy

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Cohen, S., Sen, S. (2022). Adult Stem Cells as a Biomarker in Diabetes. In: Patel, V.B., Preedy, V.R. (eds) Biomarkers in Diabetes. Biomarkers in Disease: Methods, Discoveries and Applications. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-81303-1_28-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-81303-1_28-1

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  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-81303-1

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