Abstract
High-value coconut mutants offer competitive advantage of growing coconut palm vis-a-vis other oil seed crops including oil palm. Endosperms of Makapuno and aromatic coconut mutants generally fetch a premium price in the export market and thereby have a huge potential to earn valuable foreign exchange. In this chapter, the developments in the field of biochemistry, genetics, genomics and bioinformatics of aromatic mutants of plants, with special reference to the coconut palms, are discussed. Pandan-like aroma in liquid endosperm of Nam Hom Green Dwarf and Yellow Dwarf from Thailand has been attributed to the accumulation of the aromatic compound 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2-AP). The mutation in coconut is caused by single non-synonymous base substitution at two different locations in a single gene, viz., BADH2 (betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase). Homology modelling studies have indicated that these amino acid changes increase the activity of aminoaldehyde dehydrognease, which leads to accumulation of aroma compounds. Mutations causing aroma trait have been extensively investigated in rice, soybean, cucurbits and other crops. The comparative analysis of the same with that of coconut palm is presented herein. A roadmap for the future breeding work in exploiting the gene conferring aroma trait in coconut improvement is also highlighted.
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Arunachalam, V., Ramesh, S.V., Rajesh, M.K., Muralikrishna, K.S. (2021). Aroma and Fragrance: A Case Study for Trait-Related Gene Evolution in Coconut. In: Rajesh, M.K., Ramesh, S.V., Perera, L., Kole, C. (eds) The Coconut Genome. Compendium of Plant Genomes. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-76649-8_11
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