Abstract
Remittance from the migrant population is increasingly relevant for many African economies to meet their balance of payment and household consumption. This study reimagines the role of diaspora by way of providing remittance, technology and entrepreneurship skills in order to develop entrepreneurship orientated economies within Africa. We employ multivariate regression models on data from 20 African countries throughout 2007–2018. The results suggest that entrepreneurial behaviour and attitudes combined with entrepreneurship framework are essential in promoting diaspora remittance inflows into Africa. Additionally, we report empirical evidence about how some country-specific attributes such as a country’s capacity to attract talent and retain human capital; enables the population to innovate and use technology. Specifically, we find that financing, technology coupled with entrepreneurial uptake leads to the development of entrepreneurial ecosystem. We argue that a holistic policy framework is required from international organisations such as the World Bank, Africa Development Bank and African Union towards raising awareness of this key source of finance to promote entrepreneurial-related projects.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
Notes
- 1.
Arthur et al. (2020) defines migrant remittance as the amount of funds remitted by the diaspora to the home country during a given period.
- 2.
From the African Union (2005) perspective, the diaspora is ‘peoples of African heritage living outside the continent, irrespective of their host country’s citizenship, and who remain committed to contribute to the development of the continent and the building of the African Union’.
- 3.
Finance provided by the diaspora for investment in their country of origin. This finance is often devoted to investment in financial assets or enterprise (Salia et al., 2020).
References
Abubakar, I., Aldridge, R. W., Devakumar, D., Orcutt, M., Burns, R., Barreto, M.L.,... Hargreaves, S. (2018). The UCL–Lancet Commission on Migration and Health: The health of a world on the move. The Lancet, 392(10164), 2606–2654.
Acs, Z. J., Stam, E., Audretsch, D. B., & O’Connor, A. (2017). The lineages of the entrepreneurial ecosystem approach. Small Business Economics,49(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-017-9864-8
Adeoye, B. W., Nwokolo, C. I., & Igboanugo, N. I. (2020). Migrant remittance inflow and industrialization in Africa: What role does financial development play? In Financing Africa’s Development (pp. 191–220). Springer, Cham.
Aggarwal, R., Demirguc-Kunt, A., & Martinez Peria, M. S. (2006). Do Workers’ Remittances Promote Financial Development ?https://doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-3957
Ahuja, V., & Purankar, S. (2018). Quality Business School education and the expectations of the corporate-A research agenda. Procedia Computer Science,139, 561–569. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PROCS.2018.10.209
Ajefu, J. B., Demir, A., & Haghpanahan, H. (2020). The impact of financial inclusion on mental health. SSMPopulation Health, 11, 100630.
Amidu, M., Abor, J. Y., & Issahaku, H. (2019). Left behind, but included: The case of migrant remittances and financial inclusion in Ghana. African Finance Journal, 21(2), 36–63.
Amuedo-Dorantes, C., & Bansak, C. (2014). Employment verification mandates and the labor market outcomes of likely unauthorized and native workers. Contemporary Economic Policy,32(3), 671–680. https://doi.org/10.1111/coep.12043
Amuedo-Dorantes, C., & Pozo, S. (2006). Migration, remittances, and male and female employment patterns. American Economic Review,96(2), 222–226. https://doi.org/10.1257/000282806777211946
Anton, S. G., & Bostan, I. (2017). The role of access to finance in explaining cross-national variation in entrepreneurial activity: A panel data approach. Sustainability, 9(11), 1947.
Arthur, E. K., Musau, S. M., & Wanjohi, F. M. (2020). Diaspora remittances and financial inclusion in Kenya.European Journal of Business and Management Research, 5(2).
Atiase, V. Y., Mahmood, S., Wang, Y., & Botchie, D. (2018). Developing entrepreneurship in Africa: Investigating critical resource challenges. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development.
Audretsch, D. B., & Belitski, M. (2017). Entrepreneurial ecosystems in cities: Establishing the framework conditions.The Journal of Technology Transfer, 42(5), 1030–1051.
Brixiova, Z. (2010). Unlocking productive entrepreneurship in Africa’s least developed countries*. African Development Review,22(3), 440–451. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8268.2010.00255.x
Brixiová, Z., Ncube, M., & Bicaba, Z. (2015). Skills and youth entrepreneurship in Africa: Analysis with evidence from Swaziland. World Development,67, 11–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2014.09.027
Brzozowski, J., Cucculelli, M., & Surdej, A. (2014). Transnational ties and performance of immigrant entrepreneurs: The role of home-country conditions. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development,26(7–8), 546–573. https://doi.org/10.1080/08985626.2014.959068
Caballé, J., & Santos, M. S. (1993). On endogenous growth with physical and human capital. Journal of Political Economy,101(6), 1042–1067. https://doi.org/10.1086/261914
Cassimon, D., Van Campenhout, B., Ferry, M., & Raffinot, M. (2015). Africa: Out of debt, into fiscal space? Dynamic fiscal impact of the debt relief initiatives on African Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPCs). International Economics,144, 29–52. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.INTECO.2015.04.007
Cattaneo, C. (2005). International migration and poverty: A cross country analysis. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/267261100.
Cavallo, A., Ghezzi, A., & Balocco, R. (2019). Entrepreneurial ecosystem research: Present debates and future directions. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal,15(4), 1291–1321. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11365-018-0526-3
Chand, M. (2016). Leveraging the Diaspora for Africa’s economic development. Journal of African Business,17(3), 273–290. https://doi.org/10.1080/15228916.2016.1160856
Cheru, F. (2002). Debt, adjustment and the politics of effective response to HIV/AIDS in Africa. Third World Quarterly,23(2), 299–312. https://doi.org/10.1080/01436590220126658
Cummings, E. M., Davies, P. T., & Campbell, S. B. (2020). Developmental psychopathology and family process: Theory, research, and clinical implications. Guilford Publications.
Dalmarco, G., Hulsink, W., & Blois, G. V. (2018). Creating entrepreneurial universities in an emerging economy: Evidence from Brazil. Technological Forecasting and Social Change,135, 99–111. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TECHFORE.2018.04.015
Djimeu, E. W. (2018). The impact of the Heavily Indebted Poor Countries initiative on growth and investment in Africa. World Development,104, 108–127. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.WORLDDEV.2017.11.002
Efobi, U., Asongu, S., Okafor, C., Tchamyou, V., & Tanankem, B. (2019). Remittances, finance and industrialisation in Africa. Journal of Multinational Financial Management, 49, 54–66.
Escandon-Barbosa, D., Urbano-Pulido, D., & Hurtado-Ayala, A. (2019). Exploring the relationship between formal and informal institutions, social capital, and entrepreneurial activity in developing and developed countries.Sustainability, 11(2), 550.
Estrin, S., Mickiewicz, T., & Stephan, U. (2016). Human capital in social and commercial entrepreneurship. Journal of Business Venturing,31(4), 449–467. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JBUSVENT.2016.05.003
Flisi, S., & Murat, M. (2011). The hub continent. Immigrant networks, emigrant diasporas and FDI. The Journal of Socio-Economics, 40(6), 796–805. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socec.2011.08.025
Hill, T., & Ram, M. (2010). Far from Silicon Valley: How emerging economies are re-shaping our understanding of global entrepreneurship. Journal of International Management,16(4), 321–327. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.INTMAN.2010.09.003
Huay, C. S., & Bani, Y. (2018). Remittances, poverty and human capital: Evidence from developing countries.International Journal of Social Economics.
Iraj Hashi, B. A. K. (2011). Entrepreneurship and SME growth: Evidence from advanced and laggard transition economies no title. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research,5(17), 456–487.
Kloosterman, R., & Rath, J. (2010). Immigrant entrepreneurs in advanced economies: Mixed embeddedness further explored. Https://Doi.Org/https://doi.org/10.1080/13691830020041561. https://doi.org/10.1080/13691830020041561
Kotabe, M., Riddle, L., Sonderegger, P., & Täube, F. A. (2013). Diaspora investment and entrepreneurship: The role of people, their movements, and capital in the international economy. Journal of International Management,19(1), 3–5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intman.2012.12.001.
Kourtit, K., Nijkamp, P., & van Leeuwen, E. (2013). New entrepreneurship in urban diasporas in our modern world. Journal of Urban Management,2(1), 25–47. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2226-5856(18)30063-3
Lall, S. (1995). Structural adjustment and African industry. World Development, 23(12), 2019–2031. https://doi.org/10.1016/0305-750X(95)00103-J
Lartey, E. K. K., Mandelman, F. S., & Acosta, P. A. (2012). Remittances, exchange rate regimes and the Dutch disease: A panel data analysis. Review of International Economics,20(2), 377–395. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9396.2012.01028.x
Letiche, J. M. (2010). Transforming sub-Saharan Africa. Journal of Policy Modeling,32(2), 163–175. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JPOLMOD.2010.01.003
Lone, S. A., & Ahmad, A. (2020). COVID-19 pandemic—An African perspective. Emerging Microbes & Infections,9(1), 1300–1308. https://doi.org/10.1080/22221751.2020.1775132
Lyakurwa, W. (2009). Prospects for economic governance: Resilient pro-poor growth. Foresight,4(11), 66–81.
Mayer, S. D., Aki, H., & Freiling, J. (2015). Entrepreneurial business and economics review. In Entrepreneurial Business and Economics Review (Vol. 3). Retrieved from https://www.ceeol.com/search/article-detail?id=305125
Micozzi, A., & Lucarelli, C. (2016). Heterogeneity in entrepreneurial intent: The role of gender across countries.International Journal of Gender and Entrepreneurship.
Mijiyawa, A. G. (2017). Drivers of structural transformation: The case of the manufacturing sector in Africa. World Development,99, 141–159. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.WORLDDEV.2017.07.007
Minto-Coy, I. D., Lashley, J. G., & Storey, D. J. (2018). Enterprise and entrepreneurship in the Caribbean region: Introduction to the special issue. Entrepreneurship and Regional Development,30(9–10), 921–941. https://doi.org/10.1080/08985626.2018.1515823
Nissanke, M. (2019). Exploring macroeconomic frameworks conducive to structural transformation of sub-Saharan African economies. Structural Change and Economic Dynamics,48, 103–116. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.STRUECO.2018.07.005
Nwankwo, S. (2011). Imagining Africa in the global economy. Thunderbird International Business Review,53(1), 3–8. https://doi.org/10.1002/tie.20385
Plaza, S., & Ratha, D. (2011). Diaspora for development in Africa. World Bank.
Premand, P., Brodmann, S., Almeida, R., Grun, R., & Barouni, M. (2016). Entrepreneurship education and entry into self-employment among university graduates. World Development, 77, 311–327.
Priebe, J., & Rudolf, R. (2015). Does the Chinese Diaspora speed up growth in host countries? World Development,76, 249–262. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2015.07.007
Rapoport, H., & Docquier, F. (2006). Chapter 17 the economics of migrants’ remittances. Handbook of the Economics of Giving, Altruism and Reciprocity, 2, 1135–1198. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1574-0714(06)02017-3
Ratha, D. (2011). Leveraging migration for Africa: Remittances, skills, and investments. World Bank.
Ratha, D. (2016). Migration and remittances factbook 2016. World Bank.
Romero-Barrutieta, A. L., Bulíř, A., & Rodríguez-Delgado, J. D. (2015). The dynamic implications of debt relief for low-income countries. Review of Development Finance,5(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.RDF.2014.07.003
Siani, J. (2020). International remittances, poverty and growth into WAEMU countries: Evidence from panel cointegration approach. Economics Bulletin, 40(2), 1446–1456.
Strielkowski, W., Tcukanova, O., & Zarubina, Z. (2017). Globalization and economic integration: The role of modern management. Polish Journal of Management Studies, 15.
Valliere, D. (2010). Reconceptualizing entrepreneurial framework conditions. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 6(1), 97–112.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2022 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Salia, S., Hussain, J.G., Alhassan, Y., Ibrahim, M. (2022). The Impact of Entrepreneurship Framework and Behaviour on Diaspora Remittance: An African Perspective. In: Kolade, O., Rae, D., Obembe, D., Woldesenbet Beta, K. (eds) The Palgrave Handbook of African Entrepreneurship. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-75894-3_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-75894-3_7
Published:
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-75893-6
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-75894-3
eBook Packages: Business and ManagementBusiness and Management (R0)