Abstract
Mobile phones offer an excellent low-cost alternative for Virtual Reality. However, the hardware constraints of these devices restrict the displayable visual complexity of graphics. Image-Based Rendering techniques arise as an alternative to solve this problem, but usually, generating the stereoscopic effect to improve depth perception presents a challenging problem. In this work, we present an Image-Based Rendering technique for low-cost virtual reality that incorporates stereoscopy to improve depth perception. We also conducted a user evaluation to analyze the stereoscopic effect of the technique, especially considering the effect on depth perception, presence, and navigation. The results prove the benefits of our technique for both virtual and real-world environments.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Notes
References
Selzer, M.N., Gazcon, N.F., Larrea, M.L.: Effects of virtual presence and learning outcome using low-end virtual reality systems. Displays 59, 9–15 (2019)
Selzer, M.N., Larrea, M.L., Castro, S.M.: Realidad virtual: maximizando presencia, inmersión y usabilidad. In: XXII Workshop de Investigadores en Ciencias de la Computación, WICC 2020, El Calafate, Santa Cruz (2020)
Engel, K., Sommer, O., Ertl, T.: A framework for interactive hardware accelerated remote 3d-visualization. In: de Leeuw, W.C., van Liere, R. (eds.) Data visualization 2000. Eurographics, pp. 167–177. Springer, Vienna (2000). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-6783-0_17
Ma, J., Chen, Q., Chen, B., Wang, H.: Mobile 3D graphics compression for progressive transmission over wireless network. In: 11th IEEE Interenational Conference on CAD and Computer Graphics, pp. 357–362. IEEE (2009)
Isenburg, M., Lindstrom, P.: Streaming meshes. In: VIS 2005. IEEE Visualization, 2005, pp. 231–238. IEEE (2005)
Shen, Z., Liu, J., Zheng, Y., Cao, L.: A low-cost mobile VR walkthrough system for displaying multimedia works based on Unity3D. In: 14th International Conference on Computer Science & Education (ICCSE), pp. 415–419. IEEE (2019)
Fathy, G., Hassan, H., Sheta, W., Bahgat, R.: Efficient framework for mobile walkthrough application. Pervasive Mob. Comput. 18, 40–54 (2015)
Chen, S.E.: Quicktime VR: an image-based approach to virtual environment navigation. In: Proceedings of the 22nd Annual Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques, pp. 29–38 (1995)
Noimark, Y., Cohen-Or, D.: Streaming scenes to MPEG-4 video-enabled devices. IEEE Comput. Graph. Appl. 23(1), 58–64 (2003)
Chim, J., Lau, R.W., Leong, H.V., Si, A.: Cyberwalk: a web-based distributed virtual walkthrough environment. IEEE T. Multimed. 5(4), 503–515 (2003)
Kowdle, A., Sinha, S.N., Szeliski, R.: Multiple view object cosegmentation using appearance and stereo cues. In: Fitzgibbon, A., Lazebnik, S., Perona, P., Sato, Y., Schmid, C. (eds.) ECCV 2012. LNCS, vol. 7576, pp. 789–803. Springer, Heidelberg (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33715-4_57
Chaurasia, G., Duchene, S., Sorkine-Hornung, O., Drettakis, G.: Depth synthesis and local warps for plausible image-based navigation. ACM Trans. Graph. (TOG) 32(3), 1–12 (2013)
Lipski, C., Linz, C., Berger, K., Sellent, A., Magnor, M.: Virtual video camera: image-based viewpoint navigation through space and time. In: Computer Graphics Forum, vol. 29, pp. 2555–2568. Wiley Library (2010)
Stich, T., Linz, C., Wallraven, C., Cunningham, D., Magnor, M.: Perception-motivated interpolation of image sequences. ACM Trans. Appl. Percept. (TAP) 8(2), 1–25 (2011)
Zhang, Y., Zhu, Z.: Walk-able and stereo virtual tour based on spherical panorama matrix. In: De Paolis, L.T., Bourdot, P., Mongelli, A. (eds.) AVR 2017. LNCS, vol. 10324, pp. 50–58. Springer, Cham (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-60922-5_4
Dai, F., Zhu, C., Ma, Y., Cao, J., Zhao, Q., Zhang, Y.: Freely explore the scene with \(360^{\circ }\) field of view. In: IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces (VR), pp. 888–889. IEEE (2019)
Liu, C., Shibusawa, S., Yonekura, T.: A walkthrough system with improved map projection panoramas from omni directional images. In: 7th International Conference on Ubiquitous Intelligence & Computing and 7th International Conference on Autonomic & Trusted Computing, pp. 45–51. IEEE (2010)
Lei, Yu., Jiang, Z., Chen, D., Bao, H.: Image-based walkthrough over internet on mobile devices. In: Jin, H., Pan, Y., Xiao, N., Sun, J. (eds.) GCC 2004. LNCS, vol. 3252, pp. 728–735. Springer, Heidelberg (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-30207-0_89
Doellner, J., Hagedorn, B., Klimke, J.: Server-based rendering of large 3D scenes for mobile devices using G-buffer cube maps. In: Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on 3D Web Technology, pp. 97–100 (2012)
Reinert, B., Kopf, J., Ritschel, T., Cuervo, E., Chu, D., Seidel, H.P.: Proxy-guided image-based rendering for mobile devices. In: Computer Graphics Forum, vol. 35, pp. 353–362. Wiley Library (2016)
Naepflin, U., Menozzi, M.: Can movement parallax compensate lacking stereopsis in spatial explorative search tasks? Displays 22(5), 157–164 (2001)
van Beurden, M.H., Kuijsters, A., IJsselsteijn, W.A.: Performance of a path tracing task using stereoscopic and motion based depth cues. In: 2010 Second International Workshop on Quality of Multimedia Experience (QoMEX), pp. 176–181. IEEE (2010)
McIntire, J.P., Liggett, K.K.: The (possible) utility of stereoscopic 3D displays for information visualization: the good, the bad, and the ugly. In: 2014 IEEE VIS International Workshop on 3dvis (3dvis), pp. 1–9. IEEE (2014)
Hassaine, D., Holliman, N.S., Liversedge, S.P.: Investigating the performance of path-searching tasks in depth on multiview displays. ACM Trans. Appl. Percept. (TAP) 8(1), 1–18 (2010)
Boustila, S., Bechmann, D., Capobianco, A.: Effects of adding visual cues on distance estimation, presence and simulator sickness during virtual visits using wall screen. In: Proceedings of the Computer Graphics International Conference, pp. 1–6 (2017)
Selzer, M.N., Ganuza, M.L., Urribarri, D.K., Larrea, M.L., Castro, S.M.: Simulation of high-visual quality scenes in low-cost virtual reality. In: XXVI Congreso Argentino de Ciencias de la Computación (CACIC) (Modalidad virtual, 5 al 9 de octubre de 2020) (2020)
Studio, B.P.: Doctorsoffice (2020). http://sojaexiles.com/. Accessed July 2020
Unity: Unity3d (2020). https://unity.com. Accessed July 2020
yasirkula: Unity3d (2020). https://github.com/yasirkula/. Accessed July 2020
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2021 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Selzer, M.N., Ganuza, M.L., Urribarri, D.K., Larrea, M.L., Castro, S.M. (2021). Stereoscopic Image-Based Rendering Technique for Low-Cost Virtual Reality. In: Pesado, P., Eterovic, J. (eds) Computer Science – CACIC 2020. CACIC 2020. Communications in Computer and Information Science, vol 1409. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-75836-3_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-75836-3_7
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-75835-6
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-75836-3
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)