Abstract
In Chap. 5, we introduced a conceptual model of migration culture. It was emphasized that the formation of such a culture is a function of environmental forces or factors, and values. This chapter builds upon the preceding thesis of a migration culture in Lithuania. Societal values are analysed via a synthesis of large-scale cross-national studies on values that have included Lithuania. A picture of Lithuania, relative to other countries, emerges that paints a picture of a culture that has, over decades, evolved into one that is low on tolerance, openness to change and optimism among other aspects, combining into a “perfect storm” of values at the societal-level conducive to a culture of migration.
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Notes
- 1.
The ESS included a series of questions from the Portrait Value Questionnaire (Schwartz et al., 2001), consisting of individual-level questions about the importance placed on desirable goals, that, when aggregated to country level, reflect societal-level values.
- 2.
Schwartz also includes the dimensions Intellectual Autonomy and Hierarchy. These have not been included in this summary, as no reliable data for Lithuania are available. In a replication study by Ralston et al. (2011) in 50 societies, including Lithuania, internal consistency problems were found for these two dimensions.
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Kumpikaitė -Valiūnienė, V., Liubinienė, V., Žičkutė, I., Duobienė, J., Mockaitis, A.I., Mihi-Ramirez, A. (2021). A Kaleidoscope of Societal Values in Lithuania: Migration Perspectives. In: Migration Culture. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-73014-7_12
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