Abstract
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis is a neuromuscular disease that affects all muscular groups with exception of extrinsic muscles of the eye and sphincters. Initial manifestation with respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation is rare. We present a case of a man with acute hypercapnic respiratory failure who started NIV with improvement. NIV can increase quality of life and survival in these patients.
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Abbreviations
- ALS:
-
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
- AVAPS:
-
Average volume-assured pressure support
- BiPAP:
-
Bilevel positive airway pressure
- Bpm:
-
Breaths per minute
- EPAP:
-
Expiratory positive airway pressure
- FEV1:
-
Forced expiratory volume in the first second
- FiO2:
-
Fraction of inspired oxygen
- FVC:
-
Forced vital capacity
- Hb:
-
Hemoglobin
- HCO3−:
-
Bicarbonate
- Htc:
-
Hematocrit
- IPAP:
-
Inspiratory positive airway pressure
- MEP:
-
Maximal expiratory pressure
- MIP:
-
Maximal inspiratory pressure
- NIV:
-
Noninvasive ventilation
- NMD:
-
Neuromuscular disease
- NT-proBNP:
-
N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide
- O2:
-
Oxygen
- PaCO2:
-
Arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure
- PaO2:
-
Arterial oxygen partial pressure
- PtcCO2:
-
Transcutaneous carbon dioxide
- RR:
-
Respiratory rate
- RV:
-
Residual volume
- S/T Mode:
-
Spontaneous/timed mode
- SpO2:
-
Peripheral oxygen saturation
- TLC:
-
Total lung capacity
- VC:
-
Vital capacity
References
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Barbosa, J., Salgado, S., Esteves, P. (2022). Clinical Case in Noninvasive Ventilation: Clinical Conditions—Hypercapnic Failure—Neuromuscular Disorders in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. In: Esquinas, A.M. (eds) Teaching Pearls in Noninvasive Mechanical Ventilation. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-71298-3_58
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-71298-3_58
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