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CRISPR-Cas12a (Cpf1) and Its Role in Plant Genome Editing

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RNA-Based Technologies for Functional Genomics in Plants

Part of the book series: Concepts and Strategies in Plant Sciences ((CSPS))

Abstract

Since the discovery of DNA, a large number of advancements were made in the field of molecular biology, which has improved our ability to decipher the Pandora’s box of decoded plant and animal genomes. This knowledge can be used to benefit humanity by making precise genetic alterations in plant and animal genomes. One such technology is CRISPR (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeat), which is increasingly being used for genome editing in plants and animals. The CRISPR technology is being used not only in elucidating the gene function but also to precisely alter gene function in humans and agricultural plants. CRISPR systems evolved naturally in bacteria to defend against viruses. CRISPR-associated protein (Cas) 9, Cas12 (including Cpf1), Cas13, and Cas14 are variants of this novel bacterial immune system, which were repurposed for genome or RNA editing. The purpose of this chapter is to provide a brief introduction to CRISPR technology, precisely CRISPR-Cas12a, and its implications in plant genome editing.

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Abbreviations

Cas:

CRISPR-associated protein

Cpf1:

CRISPR from Prevotella and Francisella 1

CRISPR:

Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats

crRNA:

CRISPR RNA

DSBs:

Double-strand breaks

gRNA:

Guide RNA

HDR:

Homology-directed repair

INTEGRATE:

Insert transposable elements by guide RNA-assisted targeting

NHEJ:

Non-homologous end joining

PAM:

Protospacer adjacent motif

TALEN:

Transcription activator-like effector nuclease

tracrRNA:

Trans-activating crRNA

ZFN:

Zinc-finger nuclease

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the SC Peach Council, National Peanut Board, and NIFA Hatch/Multi-state grant (S009). JW and SR would like to thank the Chair of the Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences and the Director of the Pee Dee Research and Education Center, Clemson University, for providing facilities. MKK would like to thank the management of the Amity University Haryana, India for providing resources and facilities, and the Teachers Association for Research Excellence (TARE) fellowship from the Science and Engineering Board (SERB), Government of India, New Delhi. Thanks are also due to the Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Govt of India, for providing funds in the form of research projects to SS.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, School of Health Research, Clemson University Pee Dee Research and Education Center, Florence, SC, 29506, USA

    Jonathan Windham & Sachin Rustgi

  2. Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, 250004, UP, India

    Shailendra Sharma

  3. Amity Stem Cell Institute, Amity Medical School, Amity University Haryana, Amity Education Valley, Panchgaon (Manesar), Gurugram, 122413, HR, India

    Manoj Kumar Kashyap

Authors
  1. Jonathan Windham
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  2. Shailendra Sharma
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  3. Manoj Kumar Kashyap
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  4. Sachin Rustgi
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Manoj Kumar Kashyap or Sachin Rustgi .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biological Sciences, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, USA

    Guiliang Tang

  2. Department of Biotechnology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Sachin Teotia

  3. Department of Biological Sciences, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, USA

    Xiaoqing Tang

  4. School of Biotechnology, Gautam Buddha University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Deepali Singh

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Windham, J., Sharma, S., Kashyap, M.K., Rustgi, S. (2021). CRISPR-Cas12a (Cpf1) and Its Role in Plant Genome Editing. In: Tang, G., Teotia, S., Tang, X., Singh, D. (eds) RNA-Based Technologies for Functional Genomics in Plants. Concepts and Strategies in Plant Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64994-4_13

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