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Synthesis, Properties, and Applications of Iron Oxides:  Versatility and Challenges

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Functional Properties of Advanced Engineering Materials and Biomolecules

Part of the book series: Engineering Materials ((ENG.MAT.))

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Abstract

Iron (III) oxide is a compound that appears in at least four different polymorphs: α-Fe2O3, β-Fe2O3, γ-Fe2O3, and ε-Fe2O3. However, Fe3+ ions are also present in another form of iron oxide: Fe3O4, which is an iron crystal structure with both Fe2+ and Fe3+ ions. And in its turn, Fe2+ ions are also present in the FeO form of iron oxide. Each of these six different structures presents distinctive physical properties and, therefore, diverse applications. The different crystalline forms of iron oxide have found fertile ground in the field of nanotechnology, and therefore, became popular among researchers who have proven a wide variety of biomedicine, electronics, construction, environmental remediation, and energy harvesting applications. In this regard, the main technological challenge is related to control of its physical characteristics such as morphology, size distribution, dispersion, crystallinity, structural defects, porosity, active area, as well as impurities. All of these influence the physical and optical properties of the synthesized material and will determine its field of application. As such, the synthesized material characteristics depend on the synthesis method employed. Thereby, in this chapter, we will cover the main characteristics of iron oxides with a focus on preparation processes, physicochemical properties, and their relationship with their main applications.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are gratefully acknowledges Fundação Araucária, CONICET and UNILA/Pró-Reitoria de Pesquisa e Pós-graduação (PRPPG) for financial support. Also, to B.Sc. Sandy Gonzalez Hernandez (UNILA) for his contributions and support while writing this chapter.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Instituto Latino-Americano de Ciências da Vida e da Natureza (ILACVN), Universidade Federal da Integração Latino-Americana (UNILA), 85.867-900, Foz do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil

    Nathalie Danree Busti & Márcio Sousa Góes

  2. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales (INTEMA), CONICET - Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (UNMdP), B7606BWV, Mar del Plata, Argentina

    Rodrigo Parra

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  1. Nathalie Danree Busti
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  2. Rodrigo Parra
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  3. Márcio Sousa Góes
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Correspondence to Márcio Sousa Góes .

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  1. Department de Química, Federal University of Technology—Paraná, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil

    Felipe A. La Porta

  2. Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

    Carlton A. Taft

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Busti, N.D., Parra, R., Sousa Góes, M. (2021). Synthesis, Properties, and Applications of Iron Oxides:  Versatility and Challenges . In: La Porta, F.A., Taft, C.A. (eds) Functional Properties of Advanced Engineering Materials and Biomolecules. Engineering Materials. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-62226-8_13

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