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Artificial Intelligence in Ophthalmology

Technical and Clinical Uses and Clinical Practice Challenges

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Artificial Intelligence in Medicine

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Abstract

Ophthalmology presents as an exciting field in medicine for artificial intelligence (AI) systems, with its numerous digital imaging techniques – only surpassed, perhaps, by radiology – and the increasing prevalence of eye diseases that cause preventable vision loss that accompanies the global increase in life expectancy. Machine learning and deep learning can be applied for screening, detection, identification of progression, and assessment of the response to treatment of the main eye diseases. Recent studies demonstrated that these systems show good performance in the detection of diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, retinopathy of prematurity, refractive errors, and in the identification of risk factors for systemic diseases using eye fundus photos. This chapter describes the technical and clinical uses of AI in ophthalmology and discusses the challenges for its incorporation into clinical practice.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil

    Leonardo Seidi Shigueoka, Alessandro Adad Jammal & Vital Paulino Costa

  2. Department of Ophthalmology, Duke Eye Center, Durham, NC, USA

    Felipe Andrade Medeiros

Authors
  1. Leonardo Seidi Shigueoka
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  2. Alessandro Adad Jammal
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  3. Felipe Andrade Medeiros
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  4. Vital Paulino Costa
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden

    Niklas Lidströmer

  2. Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK

    Hutan Ashrafian

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Shigueoka, L.S., Jammal, A.A., Medeiros, F.A., Costa, V.P. (2021). Artificial Intelligence in Ophthalmology. In: Lidströmer, N., Ashrafian, H. (eds) Artificial Intelligence in Medicine. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58080-3_201-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58080-3_201-1

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  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-58080-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-58080-3

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