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Ca2+-Sensing Receptor (CaSR)

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Encyclopedia of Molecular Pharmacology

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Synonyms

Calcium-sensing receptor

Definition

CaSR is a G protein-coupled receptor highly expressed in the parathyroid glands, where it regulates the production and secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH) in negative feedback way. CaSR can detect minor changes in serum calcium levels, and calcium is the primary ligand for the CaSR. Serum calcium <1.1–1.2 mmol/l promotes PTH release, which results in reabsorption of calcium by the kidney, intestine, and bone. Conversely, serum Ca2+ levels >1.2 mmol/l have the opposite effect (Fig. 1). CaSR is also expressed in numerous other tissues, where it has different functions. Defective calcium sensing by the parathyroid glands, associated to altered CaSR expression or function, results in altered divalent cation homeostasis, which can lead to long-lasting morbidity in patients.

Ca2+-Sensing Receptor (CaSR), Fig. 1
figure 35 figure 35

Role of the CaSR in calcium homeostasis

The CaSR is highly expressed in the parathyroid glands. The parathyroid CaSR detects reductions...

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy

    Giovanna Valenti

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  1. Giovanna Valenti
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Correspondence to Giovanna Valenti .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany

    Stefan Offermanns

  2. Medical Faculty, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany

    Stefan Offermanns

  3. Friedrich-Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany

    Walter Rosenthal

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Valenti, G. (2021). Ca2+-Sensing Receptor (CaSR). In: Offermanns, S., Rosenthal, W. (eds) Encyclopedia of Molecular Pharmacology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57401-7_182

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