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Q/A Discussion: Commentary on the Use of Botolinum Toxin in Facial Cosmetics, Challenges, and Debates

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Integrated Procedures in Facial Cosmetic Surgery

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Abstract

The use of botulinum toxin type A in facial cosmetics is extensively discussed in medical literature. Meanwhile, presence of many controversial issues and sometimes contradicting results precludes having unanimous guidelines in using this valuable remedy. Here, we have tried to discuss some of the challenging questions to find clinical solutions that are supported by evidence-based studies along with authors’ personal experience.

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Abbreviations

BTX:

Botulinum toxin

BTX-A:

Botulinum toxin type A

Further Reading

  1. Arch Dermatol. 2002;138(4):510–4. https://doi.org/10.1001/archderm.138.4.510.

  2. Dermatol Surg. 2012;38(6):867–70. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1524-4725.2011.02284.x. Epub 2012 Jan 23

  3. Dermatol Surg. 2015;41(3):321–6. https://doi.org/10.1097/DSS.0000000000000303.

  4. Aesthetic Surgery Journal. 2015;35(2):189–93. https://doi.org/10.1093/asj/sju072.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Private Practice and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

    Behnam Bohluli

  2. University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, UPMC, Cosmetic Surgery and Skin Health Center, Sewickley, PA, USA

    Suzan Obagi

  3. Private Practice, Tehran, Iran

    Shahriar Nazari

  4. Dermatologist Laser application in medical sciences research center, Shahid Beheshti University of medical sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Behrooz Barikbin

  5. Department of Ophthalmology, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Tel Aviv University-Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv, Israel

    Morris E. Hartstein

Authors
  1. Behnam Bohluli
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  2. Suzan Obagi
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  3. Shahriar Nazari
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  4. Behrooz Barikbin
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  5. Morris E. Hartstein
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Co-investigator, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Medicine, Jacksonville, FL, USA

    Seied Omid Keyhan

  2. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA

    Tirbod Fattahi

  3. Department of Surgery, Georgia Oral and Facial Reconstructive Surgery, Northside Hospital, Atlanta, GA, USA

    Shahrokh C. Bagheri

  4. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

    Behnam Bohluli

  5. Universal Network of Interdisciplinary Research in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (UNIROMS), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran

    Mohammad Hosein Amirzade-Iranaq

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Bohluli, B., Obagi, S., Nazari, S., Barikbin, B., Hartstein, M.E. (2021). Q/A Discussion: Commentary on the Use of Botolinum Toxin in Facial Cosmetics, Challenges, and Debates. In: Keyhan, S.O., Fattahi, T., Bagheri, S.C., Bohluli, B., Amirzade-Iranaq, M.H. (eds) Integrated Procedures in Facial Cosmetic Surgery. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-46993-1_39

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-46993-1_39

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-46992-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-46993-1

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

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