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Inflammation, Frailty and Cardiovascular Disease

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Frailty and Cardiovascular Diseases

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 1216))

Abstract

Chronic inflammation, which is called “inflamm-aging” , is characterized by an increased level of inflammatory cytokines in response to physiological and environmental stressors, and causes the immune system to function consistently at a low level, even though it is not effective. Possible causes of inflammaging include genetic susceptibility, visceral obesity, changes in gut microbiota and permeability, chronic infections and cellular senescence. Inflammation has a role in the development of many age-related diseases, such as frailty. Low grade chronic inflammation can also increase the risk of atherosclerosis and insulin resistance which are the leading mechanisms in the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). As it is well known that the risk of CVD is higher in older people with frailty and the risk of frailty is higher in patients with CVD, there may be relationship between inflammation and the development of CVD and frailty. Therefore, this important issue will be discussed in this chapter.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Geriatric Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Adnan Menderes Bulvarı (Vatan Street), 34093, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey

    Pinar Soysal

  2. Department of Internal Medicine, Tomarza Yasar Karayel State Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey

    Ferhat Arik

  3. The Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK

    Lee Smith

  4. Department of Behavioural Science and Health, UCL, London, WC1E 6BT, UK

    Sarah E. Jackson

  5. Department of Geriatric Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey

    Ahmet Turan Isik

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  1. Pinar Soysal
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  2. Ferhat Arik
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  3. Lee Smith
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  4. Sarah E. Jackson
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  5. Ahmet Turan Isik
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Correspondence to Pinar Soysal .

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  1. National Research Council, Neuroscience Institute, Aging Branch, Padova, Italy

    Nicola Veronese

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Soysal, P., Arik, F., Smith, L., Jackson, S.E., Isik, A.T. (2020). Inflammation, Frailty and Cardiovascular Disease. In: Veronese, N. (eds) Frailty and Cardiovascular Diseases . Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 1216. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-33330-0_7

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