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An Overview and History of Glyco-Engineering in Insect Expression Systems

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Glyco-Engineering

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 1321))

Abstract

Insect systems, including the baculovirus-insect cell and Drosophila S2 cell systems are widely used as recombinant protein production platforms. Historically, however, no insect-based system has been able to produce glycoproteins with human-type glycans, which often influence the clinical efficacy of therapeutic glycoproteins and the overall structures and functions of other recombinant glycoprotein products. In addition, some insect cell systems produce N-glycans with immunogenic epitopes. Over the past 20 years, these problems have been addressed by efforts to glyco-engineer insect-based expression systems. These efforts have focused on introducing the capacity to produce complex-type, terminally sialylated N-glycans and eliminating the capacity to produce immunogenic N-glycans. Various glyco-engineering approaches have included genetically engineering insect cells, baculoviral vectors, and/or insects with heterologous genes encoding the enzymes required to produce various glycosyltransferases, sugars, nucleotide sugars, and nucleotide sugar transporters, as well as an enzyme that can deplete GDP-fucose. In this chapter, we present an overview and history of glyco-engineering in insect expression systems as a prelude to subsequent chapters, which will highlight various methods used for this purpose.

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Acknowledgements

Research on insect protein glycosylation pathways, the baculovirus-insect cell system, and insect expression system engineering in the authors’ labs at the University of Wyoming and GlycoBac is currently supported by National Institute of General Medical Sciences grants R44GM093411, R43GM102982, R43GM109504, and National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases grant R43AI112118. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institute of General Medical Sciences, the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, or the National Institutes of Health.

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    1. GlycoBac, LLC, Laramie, WY, USA

      Christoph Geisler & Donald L. Jarvis

    2. Department of Molecular Biology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA

      Hideaki Mabashi-Asazuma & Donald L. Jarvis

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    1. Christoph Geisler
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    1. University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria

      Alexandra Castilho

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    Geisler, C., Mabashi-Asazuma, H., Jarvis, D.L. (2015). An Overview and History of Glyco-Engineering in Insect Expression Systems. In: Castilho, A. (eds) Glyco-Engineering. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1321. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2760-9_10

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    • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2760-9_10

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