Abstract
Self-efficacy is the internal control mechanism (confidence and intrinsic desire) that allows students to succeed academically and achieve psychological well-being and happiness (Taylor et al. 2000). Children must have positive self-efficacy if they are to learn, but simply distorting grading scales under the disguise of preserving self-esteem will not help students learn (Baumeister et al. 2005). Self-esteem and self-efficacy are not the same, and it is self-efficacy, not self-esteem, that helps students learn (Bandura 1977; Clanton Harpine 2008).
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Harpine, E.C. (2011). Self-Efficacy: The Learning Component in Schools. In: Group-Centered Prevention Programs for At-Risk Students. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-7248-4_8
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