Abstract
Plant embryogenesis begins with fertilization and ends with the generation of the basic body plan of the future plant. Despite its importance, the dynamics of flowering plant ontogeny have long been a mystery, because the embryo develops deep in the maternal tissue. Recently, an embryonic live-cell imaging system was established in Arabidopsis thaliana by developing an in vitro ovule cultivation method and utilizing two-photon excitation microscopy (2PEM), which is suitable for deep imaging. This system enabled us to visualize intracellular dynamics during zygote polarization and monitor the cell division pattern during embryogenesis from the zygote until organ formation. In this chapter, we describe a method that allows for high-resolution imaging of cytoskeletal rearrangements in the zygote and long-term tracing of embryo patterning.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Sato A, Toyooka K, Okamoto T (2010) Asymmetric cell division of rice zygotes located in embryo sac and produced by in vitro fertilization. Sex Plant Reprod 23(3):211–217. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00497-009-0129-9
Sakakibara K, Reisewitz P, Aoyama T, Friedrich T, Ando S, Sato Y, Tamada Y, Nishiyama T, Hiwatashi Y, Kurata T, Ishikawa M, Deguchi H, Rensing SA, Werr W, Murata T, Hasebe M, Laux T (2014) WOX13-like genes are required for reprogramming of leaf and protoplast cells into stem cells in the moss Physcomitrella patens. Development 141(8):1660–1670. https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.097444
He YC, He YQ, Qu LH, Sun MX, Yang HY (2007) Tobacco zygotic embryogenesis in vitro: the original cell wall of the zygote is essential for maintenance of cell polarity, the apical-basal axis and typical suspensor formation. Plant J 49(3):515–527. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-313X.2006.02970.x
Natesh S, Rau MA (1984) The embryo. In: Johri BM (ed) Embryology of angiosperms. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 377–443. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-69302-1_8
Mansfield SG, Briarty LG, Erni S (1991) Early embryogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana. I. The mature embryo sac. Can J Bot 69:447–460
Juergens G, Mayer U (1994) Arabidopsis. In: Bard J (ed) Embryos: colour atlas of development. Wolfe, London
Mansfield SG, Briarty LG (1991) Early embryogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana. II. The developing embryo. Can J Bot 69:461–476
Yoshida S, Barbier de Reuille P, Lane B, Bassel GW, Prusinkiewicz P, Smith RS, Weijers D (2014) Genetic control of plant development by overriding a geometric division rule. Dev Cell 29(1):75–87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.devcel.2014.02.002
Gooh K, Ueda M, Aruga K, Park J, Arata H, Higashiyama T, Kurihara D (2015) Live-cell imaging and optical manipulation of Arabidopsis early embryogenesis. Dev Cell 34(2):242–251. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.devcel.2015.06.008
Mizuta Y, Kurihara D, Higashiyama T (2015) Two-photon imaging with longer wavelength excitation in intact Arabidopsis tissues. Protoplasma 252(5):1231–1240. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-014-0754-5
Kurihara D, Kimata Y, Higashiyama T, Ueda M (2017) In vitro ovule cultivation for live-cell imaging of zygote polarization and embryo patterning in Arabidopsis thaliana. J Vis Exp 127. https://doi.org/10.3791/55975
Kimata Y, Higaki T, Kawashima T, Kurihara D, Sato Y, Yamada T, Hasezawa S, Berger F, Higashiyama T, Ueda M (2016) Cytoskeleton dynamics control the first asymmetric cell division in Arabidopsis zygote. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 113(49):14157–14162. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1613979113
Park J, Kurihara D, Higashiyama T, Arata H (2014) Fabrication of microcage arrays to fix plant ovules for long-term live imaging and observation. Sens Actuators B Chem 191:178–185. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2013.09.060
Nambo M, Kurihara D, Yamada T, Nishiwaki-Ohkawa T, Kadofusa N, Kimata Y, Kuwata K, Umeda M, Ueda M (2016) Combination of synthetic chemistry and live-cell imaging identified a rapid cell division inhibitor in tobacco and Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Cell Physiol 57(11):2255–2268. https://doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pcw140
Schneider CA, Rasband WS, Eliceiri KW (2012) NIH image to ImageJ: 25 years of image analysis. Nat Methods 9(7):671–675
Schindelin J, Arganda-Carreras I, Frise E, Kaynig V, Longair M, Pietzsch T, Preibisch S, Rueden C, Saalfeld S, Schmid B, Tinevez JY, White DJ, Hartenstein V, Eliceiri K, Tomancak P, Cardona A (2012) Fiji: an open-source platform for biological-image analysis. Nat Methods 9(7):676–682. https://doi.org/10.1038/nmeth.2019
Acknowledgments
M.U., Y.K., and D.K. are supported by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas [JP17H05838 for M.U.], Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Exploratory Research [JP16K14753 for M.U.], Grant-in-Aid for JSPS Research Fellow [JP18J10512 for Y.K.], Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research [B; JP17H03697 for D.K.], and Challenging Research [Exploratory; JP 18Â K19331 for D.K.]). This work was supported by the Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules of Nagoya University and the Japan Advanced Plant Science Network.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Ueda, M., Kimata, Y., Kurihara, D. (2020). Live-Cell Imaging of Zygotic Intracellular Structures and Early Embryo Pattern Formation in Arabidopsis thaliana. In: Bayer, M. (eds) Plant Embryogenesis. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 2122. Humana, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-0342-0_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-0342-0_4
Published:
Publisher Name: Humana, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-0716-0341-3
Online ISBN: 978-1-0716-0342-0
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols