This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Albrecht TA, Blomley MJK, Cosgrove D, et al (1999) Non-invasive diagnosis of hepatic cirrhosis by transit time analysis of an ultrasound contrast agent. Lancet 353:1579–1583
Barbot DJ, Marks JH, Feld RI, et al (1997) Improved staging of liver tumors using laparoscopic intraoperative ultrasound. J Surg Oncol 64:63–67
Bezzi M, Silecchia G, De Leo A, et al (1998) Laparoscopic and intraoperative ultrasound. Eur J Radiol 27:S207–214
Blomley M (1997) Functional techniques with microbubbles. In: Nanda N, Schleif R, Goldberg B (eds) Advances in echocontrast. Kluwer, Dordrecht
Blomley MJ, Albrecht T, Cosgrove D et al (1998) Liver vascular transit time analyzed with dynamic hepatic venography with bolus injections of an US contrast agent: early experience in seven patients with metastases. Radiology 209:862–866
Blomley MJ, Albrecht T, Cosgrove D, et al (1999) Improved imaging of liver metastases with stimulated acoustic emission in the late phase of enhancement with the US contrast agent SH U 508A: early experience. Radiology 210:409–416
Bryant TH, Albrecht T, Sidhu P, et al (2004) Liver phase uptake of a liver specific microbubble improves characterization of liver lesions: a prospective multi-center study. Radiology (in press)
Burns P (1996) Harmonic imaging with ultrasound contrast agents. Clin Radiol 51[Suppl 1]:50–55
Burns P, Fritsch T, Weitschies W (1995) Pseudo Doppler shifts from stationary tissue due to the stimulated emission of ultrasound from a new microsphere contrast agent. Radiology P197
Burns P, Wilson SR, Simpson DH (2000) Pulse inversion imaging of liver blood flow: improved method for characterizing focal masses with microbubble contrast. Invest Radiol 35:58–71
Carter R, Hemingway D, Cooke TG, et al (1996) A prospective study of six methods for detection of hepatic colorectal metastases. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 78:27–30
Casarella W, Knowles D, Wollf M, et al (1978) Focal nodular hyperplasia and liver cell adenoma. AJR Am J Roentgenol 131:393–402
Christensen S, Herold N, Ravn P (1997) Ultrasound examination of the liver in HELLP syndrome. Radiologe 37:170–172
Chuah SY (2000) Liver biopsy under ultrasound control: implications for training. Gut 46:583–584
Couinaud C (1957) Le Foie. Etude anatomiques et chirugicales. Masson, Paris
Dawson P, Cosgrove D, Grainger R (1999) Textbook of Contrast Media. Isis Medical, Oxford
Dewbury K, Joseph A, Sadler G, et al (1980) Ultrasound in the diagnosis of early liver abscess. Br J Radiol 53:1160–1167
Di Stasi M, Caturelli E, De Sio I, et al (1996) Natural history of focal nodular hyperplasia of the liver: an ultrasound study. J Clin Ultrasound 24:345–350
Eckersley R, Cosgrove D, Blomley M, et al (1998) Functional imaging of tissue response to bolus injection of an ultrasound contrast agent. Proc. IEEE Ultrasonics Symposium 2:1779–1782
Filice C, Brunetti E (1997) Use of PAIR in human cystic echinococcosis. Acta Tropica 64:95–107
Foley W, Lawson T (1992) Abdomen. In: Foley W (ed) Color Doppler flow imaging. Andover Medical, Boston
Gaines PA, Sampson MA (1989) The prevalence and characterization of simple hepatic cysts by ultrasound examination. Br J Radiol 62:335–337
Goldberg B (1997) Ultrasound contrast agents. Martin Dunitz, London
Grant E (1992) Doppler imaging of the liver. Ultrasound Quarterly 10:117–154
Haddad MC, Al-Awar G, Huwaijah SH, et al (2001) Echinococcal cysts of the liver: a retrospective analysis of clinicoradiological findings and different therapeutic modalities. Clin Imaging 25:403–408
Herman K (1996) Intraoperative ultrasound in gastrointestinal cancer. An analysis of 272 operated patients. Hepatogastroenterology 43:565–570
Itoh Y, Akamatsu K (1998) Relationships between echo level and histologic characteristics in small hepatocellular carcinomas. J Clin Ultrasound 26:295–301
Kim KW, Kim TK, Han JK, et al (2000) Hepatic hemangiomas: spectrum of US appearances on gray-scale, power Doppler, and contrast-enhanced US. Korean J Radiol 1:191–197
Kim TK, Kim AY, Choi BI (2002) Hepatocellular carcinoma: harmonic ultrasound and contrast agent. Abdom Imaging 27:129–138
Klotter H, Ruckert K, Mentges B, et al (1986) Intraoperative ultrasound study in surgery. Ultraschall Med 7:224–230
Kono Y, Moriyasu F, Nada T, et al (1997) Gray scale second harmonic imaging of the liver: a preliminary animal study. Ultrasound Med Biol 23:719–726
Kremkau F (1997) Diagnostic ultrasound: principles and instruments. WB Saunders, Philadelphia
Kuni CC, Johnson NL, Holmes JH (1978) Polycystic liver disease. J Clin Ultrasound 6:332–334
Lafortune M, Patriquin H (1999) The hepatic artery: studies using Doppler sonography. Ultrasound Quarterly 15:9–26
Lencioni R, Bartolozzi C, Ricci P, et al (1997) Hepatocellular carcinoma: use of contrast enhanced color Doppler US to evaluate response to treatment with percutaneous ethanol injection. Eur Radiol 7:792–794
Machi J, Sigel B (1996) Operative ultrasound in general surgery. Am J Surg 172:15–20
McDicken W (1991) Diagnostic ultrasound, physical principles and use of instruments, 3rd edn. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh
Middleton WD, Hiskes SK, Teefey SA, et al (1997) Small (1.5 cm or less) liver metastases: US-guided biopsy. Radiology 205:729–732
Mine Y (1998) Harmonic imaging. Nippon Rinsho 56:881–885
Moazam F, Nazir Z (1998) Amebic liver abscess: spare the knife but save the child. J Pediatr Surg 33:119–122
N’Gbesso RD, Keita AK (1997) Ultrasonography of amebic liver abscesses. Proposal of a new classification. J Radiol 78:569–576
Pain JA, Bailey ME, Bloomberg TJ (1984) Liver metastases: the role of preoperative ultrasound. J R Coll Surg Edinb 29:85–87
Parvey HR, Eisenberg RL, Giyanani V, et al (1989) Duplex sonography of the portal venous system: pitfalls and limitations. AJR Am J Roentgenol 52:765–770
Pastakia B, Shawker TH, Thaler M (1988) Hepatosplenic candidiasis: wheels within wheels. Radiology 166:417–421
Pederson J, Pederson ST, Karstrup S (1993) Ultrasound guided biopsies. In: Cosgrove D, Meire HB, Dewbury K (eds) Clinical ultrasound. Churchill Livingstone, London
Singh G, Arya N, Safaya R, et al (1997) Role of ultrasonography in blunt abdominal trauma. Injury 28:667–670
Solbiati L, Goldberg S, Ierace T, et al (1999) Radio-frequency ablation of hepatic metastases: postprocedural assessment with a US microbubble contrast agent. Radiology 211:643–649
Stride E, Saffari N (2003) Microbubble ultrasound contrast agents: a review. Proc Inst Mech Eng [H] 217:429–447
Tanaka S, Ioka T, Oshikawa O, et al (2001) Dynamic sonography of hepatic tumors. AJR Am J Roentgenol 177:799–805
ter Haar G (1999) Interactions between the ultrasound beam and microbubbles. In: Dawson P, Cosgrove D, Allison D, Grainger R (eds) Contrast agents in radiology. Isis Medical, Oxford
Wachsberg RH, Angyal EA, Klein KM, et al (1997) Echogenicity of hepatic versus portal vein walls revisited with histologic correlation. J Ultrasound Med 16:807–810
Wang LY, Wang JH, Lin ZY, et al (1997) Hepatic focal nodular hyperplasia: findings on color Doppler ultrasound. Abdom Imaging 22:178–181
Wilson SR, Burns PN (2001) Liver mass evaluation with ultrasound: the impact of microbubble contrast agents and pulse inversion imaging. Semin Liver Dis 21:147–159
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2005 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Cosgrove, D.O. (2005). Ultrasound and Contrast Ultrasound. In: Lencioni, R., Cioni, D., Bartolozzi, C. (eds) Focal Liver Lesions. Medical Radiology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-26354-3_1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-26354-3_1
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-64464-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-26354-8
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)