Abstract
Hematological cancers, namely leukemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma, are malignancies with high mortality and morbidity rates. Despite the advances in the treatment of these cancers, the survival rate of patients has not been much improved. These cancers also detrimentally affect patients’ quality of life during the surviving years. The nature of hematological cancers and also the various treatment approaches, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), have the potential to involve other body systems, leading to neurological, psychological, renal, cardiovascular, metabolic and endocrine, gastrointestinal, musculoskeletal, reproductive, and ocular complications. This chapter reviews the involvement of different organ systems in hematologic cancers. These complications may further deteriorate the prognosis, impair the quality of life, reduce patients’ compliance to treatment, and contribute to high morbidity and mortality. Moreover, a growing body of evidence supports the significant roles of the immune system in tumorigenesis facilitating the progression of hematological cancers by mediating different mechanisms, including immune escape, immune suppression, and cancer-promoting cytokine balance in the tumor microenvironment. Therefore, immunotherapies have drawn considerable attention in addition to the conventional treatments targeting the tumor cells. To conclude, patients with hematologic cancers require a multidisciplinary healthcare team, including oncologists, cardiologists, internists, neurologists, psychiatrists, nephrologists, rheumatologists, and ophthalmologists. Interdisciplinary approaches are critical in improving quality of life, treatment adherence, and survival of these patients.
References
Akaho R, Sasaki T, Yoshino M, Hagiya K, Akiyama H, Sakamaki H (2003) Bone marrow transplantation in subjects with mental disorders. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 57:311–315
Alici-Evcimen Y, Breitbart WS (2007) Ifosfamide neuropsychiatric toxicity in patients with cancer. Psychooncology 16:956–960
Alsalem A, Almasoudi B, Alzahrani G, Sindi L, Alwan J (2021) Orbital swelling and ptosis as an initial presentation of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: a case report and review of the literature. Case Rep Pediatr 2021:5587767
Amitai I, Rozovski U, El-Saleh R, Shimony S, Shepshelovich D, Rozen-Zvi B, Raanani P, Gafter-Gvili A, Gurion R (2020) Risk factors for high-dose methotrexate associated acute kidney injury in patients with hematological malignancies. Hematol Oncol 38:584–588
Anargyrou K, Fotiou D, Vassilakopoulos TP, Christoulas D, Makras P, Dimou M, Ntanasis-Stathopoulos I, Masouridou S, Angelopoulou MK, Papatheodorou A (2019) Low bone mineral density and high bone turnover in patients with non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) who receive frontline therapy: results of a multicenter prospective study. Hemasphere 3:e303
Assuncao BMBL, Handschumacher MD, Brunner AM, Yucel E, Bartko PE, Cheng K-H, Campos O, Fathi AT, Tan TC, Scherrer-Crosbie M (2017) Acute leukemia is associated with cardiac alterations before chemotherapy. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 30:1111–1118
Atrash S, Tullos A, Panozzo S, Bhutani M, Van Rhee F, Barlogie B, Usmani S (2015) Cardiac complications in relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma patients treated with carfilzomib. Blood Cancer J 5:e272–e272
Barata A, Wood WA, Choi SW, Jim HS (2016) Unmet needs for psychosocial care in hematologic malignancies and hematopoietic cell transplant. Curr Hematol Malig Rep 11:280–287
Basiri A, Mansouri F, Azari A, Ranjbarvan P, Zarein F, Heidari A, Golchin A (2021) Stem cell therapy potency in personalizing severe COVID-19 treatment. Stem Cell Rev Rep 17:193–213
Bedoschi G, Navarro PA, Oktay K (2016) Chemotherapy-induced damage to ovary: mechanisms and clinical impact. Future Oncol 12:2333–2344
Bellali T, Manomenidis G, Meramveliotaki E, Minasidou E, Galanis P (2020) The impact of anxiety and depression in the quality of life and psychological well-being of Greek hematological cancer patients on chemotherapy. Psychol Health Med 25:201–213
Bergerot CD, Clark KL, Nonino A, Waliany S, Buso MM, Loscalzo M (2015) Course of distress, anxiety, and depression in hematological cancer patients: association between gender and grade of neoplasm. Palliat Support Care 13:115–123
Blanchard CM, Denniston MM, Baker F, Ainsworth SR, Courneya KS, Hann DM, Gesme DH, Reding D, Flynn T, Kennedy JS (2003) Do adults change their lifestyle behaviors after a cancer diagnosis? Am J Health Behav 27:246–256
Bodden J, Sun D, Joseph G, Huang L-W, Andreadis C, Hughes-Fulford M, Lang T, Link T (2021) Identification of non-Hodgkin lymphoma patients at risk for treatment-related vertebral density loss and fractures. Osteoporos Int 32:281–291
Bryan LJ, Gordon LI (2015) Blocking tumor escape in hematologic malignancies: the anti-PD-1 strategy. Blood Rev 29:25–32
Candeias SM, Gaipl US (2016) The immune system in cancer prevention, development and therapy. Anti Cancer Agents Med Chem 16:101–107
Castillo JJ, Mull N, Reagan JL, Nemr S, Mitri J (2012) Increased incidence of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, leukemia, and myeloma in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2: a meta-analysis of observational studies. Blood 119:4845–4850
Cavins JA, Levin HS, Day HJ (1959) Chronic myelogenous leukemia with gastric infiltration: report of a case simulating carcinoma of the stomach. N Engl J Med 260:1111–1114
Chong B, Trew P, Meng L, Pitney W (1981) Anuric renal failure due to encasement of the ureters by lymphoma—ureteric obstruction without dilatation. Aust NZ J Med 11:542–544
Chopard A, Hillock S, Jasmin BJ (2009) Molecular events and signalling pathways involved in skeletal muscle disuse-induced atrophy and the impact of countermeasures. J Cell Mol Med 13:3032–3050
Clore JN, Thurby-Hay L (2009) Glucocorticoid-induced hyperglycemia. Endocr Pract 15:469–474
Comeau TB, Epstein JB, Migas C (2001) Taste and smell dysfunction in patients receiving chemotherapy: a review of current knowledge. Support Care Cancer 9:575–580
Danish H, Santomasso BD (2021) Neurotoxicity biology and management. Cancer J 27:126–133
De Mendonça A, Vincent J-L, Suter P, Moreno R, Dearden N, Antonelli M, Takala J, Sprung C, Cantraine F (2000) Acute renal failure in the ICU: risk factors and outcome evaluated by the SOFA score. Intensive Care Med 26:915–921
Demircay E, Hornicek FJ, Mankin HJ, Degroot H (2013) Malignant lymphoma of bone: a review of 119 patients. Clin Orthop Relat Res 471:2684–2690
Devine SM, Larson RA (1994) Acute leukemia in adults: recent developments in diagnosis and treatment. CA Cancer J Clin 44:326–352
Dhasmana R, Prakash A, Gupta N, Verma S (2016) Ocular manifestations in leukemia and myeloproliferative disorders and their association with hematological parameters. Ann Afr Med 15:97
Dhodapkar MV, Dhodapkar KM (2015) Immune modulation in hematologic malignancies. Semin Oncol 42:617–625
Dhodapkar MV, Krasovsky J, Olson K (2002) T cells from the tumor microenvironment of patients with progressive myeloma can generate strong, tumor-specific cytolytic responses to autologous, tumor-loaded dendritic cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci 99:13009–13013
Di Meo S, Iossa S, Venditti P (2017) Skeletal muscle insulin resistance: role of mitochondria and other ROS sources. J Endocrinol 233:R15–R42
Dimeo F, Schmittel A, Fietz T, Schwartz S, Köhler P, Böning D, Thiel E (2004) Physical performance, depression, immune status and fatigue in patients with hematological malignancies after treatment. Ann Oncol 15:1237–1242
Dosa S, Phillips T, Antonovych T, Segal A, Guha A, Thompson A (1983) Acute myelomonocytic leukemia associated with nephrotic syndrome. Nephron 34:125–129
Dufva O, Pölönen P, Brück O, Keränen MA, Klievink J, Mehtonen J, Huuhtanen J, Kumar A, Malani D, Siitonen S (2020) Immunogenomic landscape of hematological malignancies. Cancer Cell 38:380–399.e313
Ebert EC, Hagspiel KD (2012) Gastrointestinal manifestations of leukemia. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 27:458–463
El-Jawahri AR, Vandusen HB, Traeger LN, Fishbein JN, Keenan T, Gallagher ER, Greer JA, Pirl WF, Jackson VA, Spitzer TR (2016) Quality of life and mood predict posttraumatic stress disorder after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Cancer 122:806–812
Elia G, Ferrari SM, Galdiero MR, Ragusa F, Paparo SR, Ruffilli I, Varricchi G, Fallahi P, Antonelli A (2020) New insight in endocrine-related adverse events associated to immune checkpoint blockade. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 34:101370
Esfandyari T, Abraham SC, Arora AS (2007) Gastrointestinal plasmacytoma that caused anemia in a patient with multiple myeloma. Nat Clin Pract Gastroenterol Hepatol 4:111–115
Fearon KC, Glass DJ, Guttridge DC (2012) Cancer cachexia: mediators, signaling, and metabolic pathways. Cell Metab 16:153–166
Fischbach W (2014) Gastric MALT lymphoma–update on diagnosis and treatment. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol 28:1069–1077
GBD 2017 DALYs and HALE Collaborators (2018, Nov 10) Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted lifeyears (DALYs) for 359 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 195 countries and territories, 1990–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Lancet 392(10159):1859–1922. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32335-3
Gebauer J, Higham C, Langer T, Denzer C, Brabant G (2019) Long-term endocrine and metabolic consequences of cancer treatment: a systematic review. Endocr Rev 40:711–767
Giannaccare G, Bonifazi F, Sessa M, Dan E, Arpinati M, Fresina M, Bandini G, Cavo M, Versura P, Campos E (2017) Ocular surface analysis in hematological patients before and after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: implication for daily clinical practice. Eye 31:1417–1426
Gibson TM, Ehrhardt MJ, Ness KK (2016) Obesity and metabolic syndrome among adult survivors of childhood leukemia. Curr Treat Options in Oncol 17:1–13
Global Burden of Disease Collaborative Network (2021) Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 (GBD 2019) reference life table. Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME), Seattle
Gordon MJ, Danilova O, Spurgeon S, Danilov AV (2016) Cardiac non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: clinical characteristics and trends in survival. Eur J Haematol 97:445–452
Gregurek R, Bras M, Dordević V, Ratković AS, Brajković L (2010) Psychological problems of patients with cancer. Psychiatr Danub 22(2):227–230
Groarke JD, Nguyen PL, Nohria A, Ferrari R, Cheng S, Moslehi J (2014) Cardiovascular complications of radiation therapy for thoracic malignancies: the role for non-invasive imaging for detection of cardiovascular disease. Eur Heart J 35:612–623
Gupta S, Seethapathy H, Strohbehn IA, Frigault MJ, O’Donnell EK, Jacobson CA, Motwani SS, Parikh SM, Curhan GC, Reynolds KL (2020) Acute kidney injury and electrolyte abnormalities after chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Am J Kidney Dis 76:63–71
Hari P, DeFor TE, Vesole DH, Bredeson CN, Burns LJ (2013) Intermittent zoledronic acid prevents bone loss in adults after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 19:1361–1367
Harris K, Hattersley J, Feehally J, Walls J (1991) Acute renal failure associated with haematological malignancies: a review of 10 years experience. Eur J Haematol 47:119–122
Hasan FM, Gomes RR (2021) Demographic profile & correlation between retinal exudates and hematological parameters in leukemic patients. J Hematol 2640:2823
Haslett PA, Corral LG, Albert M, Kaplan G (1998) Thalidomide costimulates primary human T lymphocytes, preferentially inducing proliferation, cytokine production, and cytotoxic responses in the CD8+ subset. J Exp Med 187:1885–1892
Heidari A, Sharif PM, Rezaei N (2021) The association between tumor-associated macrophages and glioblastoma: a potential target for therapy. Curr Pharm Des. https://doi.org/10.2174/1381612827666210816114003
Höpken UE, Rehm A (2019) Targeting the tumor microenvironment of leukemia and lymphoma. Trends Cancer 5:351–364
Hosseini Bereshneh A, Morshedi F, Hematyar M, Kaki A, Garshasbi M (2017) Pharmacogenetics and personalized medicine in pancreatic cancer. Acta Med Iran 55:194–199
Howden EJ, La Gerche A, Arthur JF, McMullen JR, Jennings GL, Dunstan DW, Owen N, Avery S, Kingwell BA (2018) Standing up to the cardiometabolic consequences of hematological cancers. Blood Rev 32:349–360
Howell S, Shalet S (1998) Gonadal damage from chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Endocrinol Metab Clin N Am 27:927–943
Jorgensen C, Guerin B, Ferrazzi V, Bologna C, Sany J (1996) Arthritis associated with monoclonal gammapathy: clinical characteristics. Rheumatology 35:241–243
Jurlander J (2011) Hematological malignancies, leukemias and lymphomas. In: Encyclopedia of cancer. Springer, Cham, pp 1640–1644
Karmali R, Dalovisio A, Borgia JA, Venugopal P, Kim BW, Grant-Szymanski K, Hari P, Lazarus H (2015) All in the family: clueing into the link between metabolic syndrome and hematologic malignancies. Blood Rev 29:71–80
Kelly JJ, Karcher DS (2005) Lymphoma and peripheral neuropathy: a clinical review. Muscle Nerve 31:301–313
Keykhaei M, Masinaei M, Mohammadi E, Azadnajafabad S, Rezaei N, Moghaddam SS, Rezaei N, Nasserinejad M, Abbasi-Kangevari M, Malekpour M-R (2021) A global, regional, and national survey on burden and Quality of Care Index (QCI) of hematologic malignancies; global burden of disease systematic analysis 1990–2017. Exp Hematol Oncol 10:1–15
Kinsella TJ (1989) Effects of radiation therapy and chemotherapy on testicular function. Prog Clin Biol Res 302:157–171. Discussion 172–177
Kirshbaum JD, Preuss FS (1943) Leukemia: a clinical and pathologic study of one hundred and twenty-three fatal cases in a series of 14,400 necropsies. Arch Intern Med 71:777–792
Kitchlu A, McArthur E, Amir E, Booth CM, Sutradhar R, Majeed H, Nash DM, Silver SA, Garg AX, Chan CT (2019) Acute kidney injury in patients receiving systemic treatment for cancer: a population-based cohort study. J Natl Cancer Inst 111:727–736
Kuba K, Esser P, Mehnert A, Hinz A, Johansen C, Lordick F, Götze H (2019) Risk for depression and anxiety in long-term survivors of hematologic cancer. Health Psychol 38:187
Lanore JJ, Brunet F, Pochard F, Bellivier F, Dhainaut J-F, Vaxelaire J-F, Giraud T, Dreyfus F, Dreyfuss D, Chiche J-D (1991) Hemodialysis for acute renal failure in patients with hematologic malignancies. Crit Care Med 19:346–351
Läubli H, Balmelli C, Bossard M, Pfister O, Glatz K, Zippelius A (2015) Acute heart failure due to autoimmune myocarditis under pembrolizumab treatment for metastatic melanoma. J Immunother Cancer 3:1–6
Lawrenz B, Fehm T, von Wolff M, Soekler M, Huebner S, Henes J, Henes M (2012) Reduced pretreatment ovarian reserve in premenopausal female patients with Hodgkin lymphoma or non-Hodgkin-lymphoma—evaluation by using antimüllerian hormone and retrieved oocytes. Fertil Steril 98:141–144
Lee DY, Kim SK, Kim M, Hwang KJ, Kim SH (2017) Fertility preservation for patients with hematologic malignancies: the Korean Society for Fertility Preservation clinical guidelines. Clin Exp Reprod Med 44:187–192
Legha SS (1986) Vincristine neurotoxicity. Pathophysiology and management. Med Toxicol 1:421–427
Lekovich J, Lobel AL, Stewart JD, Pereira N, Kligman I, Rosenwaks Z (2016) Female patients with lymphoma demonstrate diminished ovarian reserve even before initiation of chemotherapy when compared with healthy controls and patients with other malignancies. J Assist Reprod Genet 33:657–662
Levin M, Betjes M, Kwast Th H V d , Wenberg B, Leebeek F (2003) Acute renal cortex necrosis caused by arterial thrombosis during treatment for acute promyelocytic leukemia. Haematologica 88:ECR21
Libby P, Ridker PM, Maseri A (2002) Inflammation and atherosclerosis. Circulation 105:1135–1143
Lin M, Zhu J, Shen H, Huang J (2013) Gastrointestinal bleeding as an initial manifestation in asymptomatic multiple myeloma: a case report and review of the literature. Oncol Lett 5:218–220
Linden W, Vodermaier A, Mackenzie R, Greig D (2012) Anxiety and depression after cancer diagnosis: prevalence rates by cancer type, gender, and age. J Affect Disord 141:343–351
Linette GP, Stadtmauer EA, Maus MV, Rapoport AP, Levine BL, Emery L, Litzky L, Bagg A, Carreno BM, Cimino PJ (2013) Cardiovascular toxicity and titin cross-reactivity of affinity-enhanced T cells in myeloma and melanoma. Blood 122:863–871
Luciano RL, Brewster UC (2014) Kidney involvement in leukemia and lymphoma. Adv Chronic Kidney Dis 21:27–35
Magge RS, DeAngelis LM (2015) The double-edged sword: neurotoxicity of chemotherapy. Blood Rev 29:93–100
Maillet M, Van Berlo JH, Molkentin JD (2013) Molecular basis of physiological heart growth: fundamental concepts and new players. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 14:38–48
Majhail NS, Flowers ME, Ness KK, Jagasia M, Carpenter PA, Arora M, Arai S, Johnston L, Martin PJ, Baker KS (2009) High prevalence of metabolic syndrome after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 43:49–54
Massenkeil G, Alexander T, Rosen O, Dörken B, Burmester G, Radbruch A, Hiepe F, Arnold R (2016) Long-term follow-up of fertility and pregnancy in autoimmune diseases after autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Rheumatol Int 36:1563–1568
Maus MV, Grupp SA, Porter DL, June CH (2014) Antibody-modified T cells: CARs take the front seat for hematologic malignancies. Blood 123:2625–2635
McMillen KK, Schmidt EM, Storer BE, Bar M (2014) Metabolic syndrome appears early after hematopoietic cell transplantation. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 12:367–371
McMullen JR, Boey EJ, Ooi JY, Seymour JF, Keating MJ, Tam CS (2014) Ibrutinib increases the risk of atrial fibrillation, potentially through inhibition of cardiac PI3K-Akt signaling. Blood 124:3829–3830
Meier C, Taubenheim S, Lordick F, Mehnert-Theuerkauf A, Götze H (2020) Depression and anxiety in older patients with hematological cancer (70+)–geriatric, social, cancer-and treatment-related associations. J Geriatr Oncol 11:828–835
Meistrich ML (2013) Effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy on spermatogenesis in humans. Fertil Steril 100:1180–1186
Meregalli C (2015) An overview of bortezomib-induced neurotoxicity. Toxics 3:294–303
Mileshkin L, Stark R, Day B, Seymour JF, Zeldis JB, Prince HM (2006) Development of neuropathy in patients with myeloma treated with thalidomide: patterns of occurrence and the role of electrophysiologic monitoring. J Clin Oncol 24:4507–4514
Miller KD, Nogueira L, Mariotto AB, Rowland JH, Yabroff KR, Alfano CM, Jemal A, Kramer JL, Siegel RL (2019) Cancer treatment and survivorship statistics, 2019. CA Cancer J Clin 69:363–385
Mullassery D, Bader A, Battersby AJ, Mohammad Z, Jones ELL, Parmar C, Scott R, Pizer BL, Baillie CT (2009) Diagnosis, incidence, and outcomes of suspected typhlitis in oncology patients—experience in a tertiary pediatric surgical center in the United Kingdom. J Pediatr Surg 44:381–385
Nagel G, Stocks T, Späth D, Hjartåker A, Lindkvist B, Hallmans G, Jonsson H, Bjørge T, Manjer J, Häggström C (2012) Metabolic factors and blood cancers among 578,000 adults in the metabolic syndrome and cancer project (Me-Can). Ann Hematol 91:1519–1531
Nahas MR, Rosenblatt J, Lazarus HM, Avigan D (2018) Anti-cancer vaccine therapy for hematologic malignancies: an evolving era. Blood Rev 32:312–325
Oktem O, Oktay K (2007a) A novel ovarian xenografting model to characterize the impact of chemotherapy agents on human primordial follicle reserve. Cancer Res 67:10159–10162
Oktem O, Oktay K (2007b) Quantitative assessment of the impact of chemotherapy on ovarian follicle reserve and stromal function. Cancer 110:2222–2229
Olexenko L, Vybornykh D (2017) Mental disorders in Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 117:124–131
Ozdemir ZN, Bozdag SC (2020) Hematological malignancies and fertility. In: Cell biology and translational medicine, volume 9: stem cell-based therapeutic approaches in disease. Springer, Cham, pp 103–115
Paccou J, Merlusca L, Henry-Desailly I, Parcelier A, Gruson B, Royer B, Charbonnier A, Ursu D, Desailloud R, Garidi R (2014) Alterations in bone mineral density and bone turnover markers in newly diagnosed adults with lymphoma receiving chemotherapy: a 1-year prospective pilot study. Ann Oncol 25:481–486
Page DB, Postow MA, Callahan MK, Allison JP, Wolchok JD (2014) Immune modulation in cancer with antibodies. Annu Rev Med 65:185–202
Pai VB, Nahata MC (2000) Cardiotoxicity of chemotherapeutic agents. Drug Saf 22:263–302
Paviglianiti A (2020) Endocrine and metabolic disorders after hematopoietic cell transplantation. Turk J Haematol 37:111–115
Perazella MA, Shirali AC (2018) Nephrotoxicity of cancer immunotherapies: past, present and future. J Am Soc Nephrol 29:2039–2052
Powers S, Sollanek K, Wiggs M, Demirel H, Smuder A (2014) Exercise-induced improvements in myocardial antioxidant capacity: the antioxidant players and cardioprotection. Free Radic Res 48:43–51
Prolla J, Kirsner JB (1964) The gastrointestinal lesions and complications of the leukemias. Ann Intern Med 60:723–723
Rajkumar SV, Jacobus S, Callander NS, Fonseca R, Vesole DH, Williams ME, Abonour R, Siegel DS, Katz M, Greipp PR (2010) Lenalidomide plus high-dose dexamethasone versus lenalidomide plus low-dose dexamethasone as initial therapy for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: an open-label randomised controlled trial. Lancet Oncol 11:29–37
Ravindran V, Anoop P (2011) Rheumatologic manifestations of benign and malignant haematological disorders. Clin Rheumatol 30:1143–1149
Richardson PG, Laubach JP, Schlossman RL, Mitsiades C, Anderson K (2010) Complications of multiple myeloma therapy, part 1: risk reduction and management of peripheral neuropathy and asthenia. J Natl Compr Canc Netw 8:S-4–S-12
Ruchlemer R, Amit-Kohn M, Tvito A, Sindelovsky I, Zimran A, Raveh-Brawer D (2018) Bone loss and hematological malignancies in adults: a pilot study. Support Care Cancer 26:3013–3020
Saleh S, Esmail K, Albreiki D (2020) Subjective intermittent colour vision loss as the initial presentation of chronic myeloid leukemia. Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep 19:100817
Sathiapalan RK, Velez MC, McWhorter ME, Irwin K, Correa H, Baliga R, Warrier RP (1998) Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in children with acute lymphocytic leukemia: case reports and review of literature. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 20:482–485
Savani BN, Koklanaris EK, Le Q, Shenoy A, Goodman S, Barrett A (2009) Prolonged chronic graft-versus-host disease is a risk factor for thyroid failure in long-term survivors after matched sibling donor stem cell transplantation for hematologic malignancies. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 15:377–381
Schuster SJ, Neelapu SS, Gause BL, Janik JE, Muggia FM, Gockerman JP, Winter JN, Flowers CR, Nikcevich DA, Sotomayor EM (2011) Vaccination with patient-specific tumor-derived antigen in first remission improves disease-free survival in follicular lymphoma. J Clin Oncol 29:2787
Scott DW, Gascoyne RD (2014) The tumour microenvironment in B cell lymphomas. Nat Rev Cancer 14:517–534
Shalet SM (1993) Effect of irradiation treatment on gonadal function in men treated for germ cell cancer. Eur Urol 23:148–152
Shapira M, Raanani H, Cohen Y, Meirow D (2014) Fertility preservation in young females with hematological malignancies. Acta Haematol 132:400–413
Sheean PM, Freels SA, Helton WS, Braunschweig CA (2006) Adverse clinical consequences of hyperglycemia from total parenteral nutrition exposure during hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 12:656–664
Shimasaki N, Jain A, Campana D (2020) NK cells for cancer immunotherapy. Nat Rev Drug Discov 19:200–218
Sliwa JA, Marciniak C (1999) Physical rehabilitation of the cancer patient. Cancer Treat Res 100:75–89
Soleimani R, Heytens E, Darzynkiewicz Z, Oktay K (2011) Mechanisms of chemotherapy-induced human ovarian aging: double strand DNA breaks and microvascular compromise. Aging (Albany NY) 3:782
Soman S, Kasturi N, Srinivasan R, Vinod K (2018) Ocular manifestations in leukemias and their correlation with hematologic parameters at a tertiary care setting in South India. Ophthalmol Retina 2:17–23
Spinelli S, Chiodi S, Bacigalupo A, Brasca A, Menada MV, Petti A, Ravera G, Gualandi F, VanLint M, Sessarego M (1994) Ovarian recovery after total body irradiation and allogeneic bone marrow transplantation: long-term follow up of 79 females. Bone Marrow Transplant 14:373–380
Stewart F, Seemann I, Hoving S, Russell N (2013) Understanding radiation-induced cardiovascular damage and strategies for intervention. Clin Oncol 25:617–624
Tangye SG, Ma CS, Brink R, Deenick EK (2013) The good, the bad and the ugly—T FH cells in human health and disease. Nat Rev Immunol 13:412–426
Tarte K (2017) Role of the microenvironment across histological subtypes of NHL. Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program Book 2017:610–617
Telakis E, Tsironi E, Tavoularis G, Papatheodorou K, Tzaida O, Nikolaou A (2009) Gastrointestinal involvement in a patient with multiple myeloma: a case report. Ann Gastroenterol 22:287–290
Thomas AS, Schwartz M, Quigley E (2019) Gastrointestinal lymphoma: the new mimic. BMJ Open Gastroenterol 6:e000320
Thompson M, Huen A, Toth B, Vassilopoulou-Sellin R, Hoff A, Murphy W, Sanjoro H, Bekele B, Arbuckle R, Hagemeister F (2007) Osteopenia and osteoporosis in untreated non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma patients: an important and potentially treatable survivorship issue in lymphoma. J Clin Oncol 25:9055–9055
Tokoyoda K, Hauser AE, Nakayama T, Radbruch A (2010) Organization of immunological memory by bone marrow stroma. Nat Rev Immunol 10:193–200
Valcovici M, Andrica F, Serban C, Dragan S (2016) Cardiotoxicity of anthracycline therapy: current perspectives. Arch Med Sci 12:428
Vicini G, Nicolosi C, Malandrino D, Tozzetti C, Rizzo S, Sodi A (2020) Leukostasis retinopathy with leukemic infiltrates as onset manifestation of chronic myeloid leukemia: a case report. Eur J Ophthalmol. https://doi.org/10.1177/1120672120930679
Vincenti F, Friman S, Scheuermann E, Rostaing L, Jenssen T, Campistol J, Uchida K, Pescovitz M, Marchetti P, Tuncer M (2007) Results of an international, randomized trial comparing glucose metabolism disorders and outcome with cyclosporine versus tacrolimus. Am J Transplant 7:1506–1514
Vishnevskia-Dai V, Sella King S, Lekach R, Fabian ID, Zloto O (2020) Ocular manifestations of leukemia and results of treatment with intravitreal methotrexate. Sci Rep 10:1994
Wanchoo R, Abudayyeh A, Doshi M, Edeani A, Glezerman IG, Monga D, Rosner M, Jhaveri KD (2017) Renal toxicities of novel agents used for treatment of multiple myeloma. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 12:176–189
Wang L, Tan TC, Halpern EF, Neilan TG, Francis SA, Picard MH, Fei H, Hochberg EP, Abramson JS, Weyman AE (2015) Major cardiac events and the value of echocardiographic evaluation in patients receiving anthracycline-based chemotherapy. Am J Cardiol 116:442–446
Weiner LM, Dhodapkar MV, Ferrone S (2009) Monoclonal antibodies for cancer immunotherapy. Lancet 373:1033–1040
Westin JR, Thompson MA, Cataldo VD, Fayad LE, Fowler N, Fanale MA, Neelapu S, Samaniego F, Romaguera J, Shah J (2013) Zoledronic acid for prevention of bone loss in patients receiving primary therapy for lymphomas: a prospective, randomized controlled phase III trial. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk 13:99–105
Zannella A, Marignani M, Begini P (2019) Hematological malignancies and HBV reactivation risk: suggestions for clinical management. Viruses 11:858
Zorrilla AFC, Herault LR, Casasbuenas A, Aponte DM, Ramos PL (2006) Systematic review of case reports concerning adults suffering from neutropenic enterocolitis. Clin Transl Oncol 8:31–38
Acknowledgments
None.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2022 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Heidari, A., Momtazmanesh, S., Rezaei, N. (2022). Interdisciplinary Approach in Hematological Cancers. In: Interdisciplinary Cancer Research. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/16833_2022_8
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/16833_2022_8
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham