Skip to main content

Part of the book series: Advances in Polymer Science ((POLYMER,volume 292))

  • 110 Accesses

Abstract

Carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC), a derivative of chitosan, has turned into one of the most favorable biopolymers for the development of targeted drug delivery systems, earlier diagnosis of disease, tissue engineering, wound healing materials, regenerative medicine, and many other formulations for biomedical applications in the past few decades. CMC has shown many desired characteristics such as pH sensitivity, biocompatibility, biodegradability, enhanced aqueous solubility, and numerous other exceptional physicochemical and biological properties. More impressively, CMC-based derivatives can load hydrophobic drugs and other functional materials more effectively for tumor-targeted drug delivery as well as bioimaging and diagnosis of various diseases. This chapter gives a comprehensive review of the recent development of CMC-based formulations as targeted drug delivery systems, diagnosing and imaging agents.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 229.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 299.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Ngo DH, Kim SK (2014) Antioxidant effects of chitin, chitosan and their derivatives. Adv Food Nutr Res 73:15–31

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Pérez-Álvarez L, Ruiz-Rubio L, Vilas-Vilela JL (2018) Determining the deacetylation degree of chitosan: opportunities to learn instrumental techniques. J Chem Educ 95:1022–1028

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Nipun Babu V, Raju V, Chandrababu R, Soundarapandian K (2019) Chapter 2: polymeric nanomaterial revolution in drug delivery systems: toward patient care, Ed: Alina-Maria H, Alexandru MG, Masters in biomedical engineering, Elsevier, 33–58

    Google Scholar 

  4. Mourya VK, Inamdara N, Ashutosh TN (2010) Carboxymethyl chitosan and its applications. Adv Mater Let 1:11–33

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Shariatinia Z (2018) Carboxymethyl chitosan: properties and biomedical applications. Int J Biol Macromol 120:1406–1419

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Feng C, Wang Z, Jiang C, Kong M, Zhou X, Li Y, Chen X (2013) Chitosan/o-carboxymethyl chitosan nanoparticles for efficient and safe oral anticancer drug delivery: in vitro and in vivo evaluation. Int J Pharm 457:158–167

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Adhikari HS, Yadav PN (2018) Anticancer activity of chitosan, chitosan derivatives, and their mechanism of action. Int J Biomater 2018:2952085

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Zhang X, Zhang H, Yin L, Hu R, Qiu T, Yin Y, Wang Q (2016) A pH-sensitive nanosystem based on carboxymethyl chitosan for tumor-targeted delivery of daunorubicin. J Biomed Nanotechnol 12:1688–1698

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Wang X, Wei B, Cheng X, Wang J, Tang R (2017) 3-Carboxyphenylboronic acid-modified carboxymethyl chitosan nanoparticles for improved tumor targeting and inhibitory. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 113:168–177

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Wu JL, He XY, Jiang PY, Gong MQ, Zhuo RX, Cheng SX (2016) Biotinylated carboxymethyl chitosan/CaCO3 hybrid nanoparticles for targeted drug delivery to overcome tumor drug resistance. RSC Adv 6(73):69083–69093

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Maya S, Kumar LG, Sarmento B, Rejinold NS, Menon D, Nair SV, Jayakumar R (2013) Cetuximab conjugated O-carboxymethyl chitosan nanoparticles for targeting EGFR overexpressing cancer cells. Carbohydr Polym 93:661–669

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Yan L, Gao S, Shui S, Liu S, Qu H, Liu C, Zheng L (2020) Small interfering RNA-loaded chitosan hydrochloride/carboxymethyl chitosan nanoparticles for ultrasound-triggered release to hamper colorectal cancer growth in vitro. Int J Biol Macromol 162:1303–1310

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Verma NK, Purohit MP, Equbal D, Dhiman N, Singh A, Kar AK, Patnaik S (2016) Targeted smart pH and thermoresponsive N, O-carboxymethyl chitosan conjugated nanogels for enhanced therapeutic efficacy of doxorubicin in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Bioconjug Chem 27:2605–2619

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Qi X, Qin J, Fan Y, Qin X, Jiang Y, Wu Z (2016) Carboxymethyl chitosan-modified polyamidoamine dendrimer enables progressive drug targeting of tumors via pH-sensitive charge inversion. J Biomed Nanotechnol 12:667–678

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Chi J, Jiang Z, Qiao J, Zhang W, Peng Y, Liu W, Han B (2019) Antitumor evaluation of carboxymethyl chitosan based norcantharidin conjugates against gastric cancer as novel polymer therapeutics. Int J Biol Macromol 136:1–12

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Yang H, Bremner DH, Tao L, Li H, Hu J, Zhu L (2016) Carboxymethyl chitosan-mediated synthesis of hyaluronic acid-targeted graphene oxide for cancer drug delivery. Carbohydr Polym 135:72–78

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Li H, Li Z, Zhao J, Tang B, Chen Y, Hu Y, He Z, Wang Y (2014) Carboxymethyl chitosan-folic acid-conjugated Fe3O4@ SiO2 as a safe and targeting antitumor nanovehicle in vitro. Nanoscale Res Lett 9:1–11

    Google Scholar 

  18. Kang JW, Cho HJ, Lee HJ, Jin HE, Maeng HJ (2019) Polyethylene glycol-decorated doxorubicin/carboxymethyl chitosan/gold nanocomplex for reducing drug efflux in cancer cells and extending circulation in blood stream. Int J Biol Macromol 125:61–71

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Madhusudhan A, Reddy GB, Venkatesham M, Veerabhadram G, Kumar DA, Natarajan S, Yang MY, Hu A, Singh SS (2014) Efficient pH dependent drug delivery to target cancer cells by gold nanoparticles capped with carboxymethyl chitosan. Int J Mol Sci 15:8216–8234

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Park JH, Saravanakumar G, Kim K, Kwon IC (2010) Targeted delivery of low molecular drugs using chitosan and its derivatives. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 62:28–41

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Huang GQ, Liu LN, Han XN, Xiao JX (2017) Intestine-targeted delivery potency of the o-carboxymethyl chitosan–gum Arabic coacervate: effects of coacervation acidity and possible mechanism. Mater Sci Eng C 79:423–429

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Xiao JX, Zhu CP, Cheng LY, Yang J, Huang GQ (2018) pH-dependent intestine-targeted delivery potency of the o-carboxymethyl chitosan–gum Arabic coacervates. Int J Biol Macromol 117:315–322

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Feng C, Li J, Kong M, Liu Y, Cheng XJ, Li Y, Park HJ, Chen XG (2015) Surface charge effect on mucoadhesion of chitosan based nanogels for local anti-colorectal cancer drug delivery. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 128:439–447

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Khan S, Anwar N (2019) Highly porous pH-responsive carboxymethyl chitosan-grafted-poly (acrylic acid) based smart hydrogels for 5-fluorouracil controlled delivery and colon targeting. Int J Polym Sci 2019:6579239

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Zhang S, Kang L, Hu S, Hu J, Fu Y, Hu Y, Yang X (2021) Carboxymethyl chitosan microspheres loaded hyaluronic acid/gelatin hydrogels for controlled drug delivery and the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. Int J Biol Macromol 167:1598–1612

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Li J, Tan G, Cheng B, Liu D, Pan W (2017) Transport mechanism of chitosan-N-acetylcysteine, chitosan oligosaccharides or carboxymethyl chitosan decorated coumarin-6 loaded nanostructured lipid carriers across the rabbit ocular. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 120:89–97

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Li J, Liu D, Tan G, Zhao Z, Yang X, Pan W (2016) A comparative study on the efficiency of chitosan-N-acetylcysteine, chitosan oligosaccharides or carboxymethyl chitosan surface modified nanostructured lipid carrier for ophthalmic delivery of curcumin. Carbohydr Polym 146:435–444

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Wang Y, Zhou L, Fang L, Cao F (2020) Multifunctional carboxymethyl chitosan derivatives-layered double hydroxide hybrid nanocomposites for efficient drug delivery to the posterior segment of the eye. Acta Biomater 104:104–114

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Yu S, Zhang X, Tan G, Tian L, Liu D, Liu Y, Yang X, Pan W (2017) A novel pH-induced thermosensitive hydrogel composed of carboxymethyl chitosan and poloxamer cross-linked by glutaraldehyde for ophthalmic drug delivery. Carbohydr Polym 155:208–217

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Du H, Yang X, Pang X, Zhai G (2014) The synthesis, self-assembling, and biocompatibility of a novel O-carboxymethyl chitosan cholate decorated with glycyrrhetinic acid. Carbohydr Polym 111:753–761

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Hawary D, Motaleb M, Farag H, Guirguis O, Elsabee M (2011) Water-soluble derivatives of chitosan as a target delivery system of 99m Tc to some organs in vivo for nuclear imaging and biodistribution. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 290:557–567

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Jiang D, Zhang X, Yu D, Xiao Y, Wang T, Su Z, Liu Y, Zhang N (2017) Tumor-microenvironment relaxivity-changeable Gd-loaded poly (L-lysine)/carboxymethyl chitosan nanoparticles as cancer-recognizable magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents. J Biomed Nanotechnol 13:243–254

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Wang X, Xu L, Ren Z, Fan M, Zhang J, Qi H, Xu M (2019) A novel manganese chelated macromolecular MRI contrast agent based on o-carboxymethyl chitosan derivatives. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 183:110452

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Liu Z, Liu H, Wang L, Su X (2016) A label-free fluorescence biosensor for highly sensitive detection of lectin based on carboxymethyl chitosan-quantum dots and gold nanoparticles. Anal Chim Acta 932:88–97

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Yang G, Cao J, Li L, Rana RK, Zhu JJ (2013) Carboxymethyl chitosan-functionalized graphene for label-free electrochemical cytosensing. Carbon 51:124–133

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Shang M, Sun X, Guo L, Shi D, Liang P, Meng D, Zhou X, Liu X, Zhao Y, Li J (2020) pH-and ultrasound-responsive paclitaxel-loaded carboxymethyl chitosan nanodroplets for combined imaging and synergistic chemoradiotherapy. Int J Nanomedicine 15:537–552

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Mansur HS, Mansur AA, Curti E, De Almeida MV (2013) Functionalized-chitosan/quantum dot nano-hybrids for nanomedicine applications: towards biolabeling and biosorbing phosphate metabolites. J Mater Chem B 1:1696–1711

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Joy, K., Sathya Seeli, D., Prabaharan, M. (2023). Carboxymethyl Chitosan-Based Derivatives in Diagnosis and Targeting. In: Jayakumar, R. (eds) Multifaceted Carboxymethyl Chitosan Derivatives: Properties and Biomedical Applications. Advances in Polymer Science, vol 292. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/12_2023_155

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics