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Detection of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) genome in free-living pigeon and guinea fowl in Africa suggests involvement of wild birds in the epidemiology of IBDV

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Abstract

Infectious bursal disease (IBD) virus (IBDV) serotype 1 is the causative agent of IBD, a highly contagious immunosuppressive disease of young chickens. In this study, we examined IBDV infection in apparently healthy 21 guinea fowls and 20 pigeons obtained in Tanzania and Zambia by virus neutralization test (VNT) and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for the VP2 hypervariable region (VP2-HVR) of IBDV. Two guinea fowls (9.5%) in Tanzania were RT-PCR and VNT positive for IBDV, and 1 pigeon (5%) in Tanzania was RT-PCR positive and VNT negative. Phylogenetic analysis based on the nucleotide sequences of the PCR products indicated that segment A of IBDV detected from one guinea fowl and a pigeon belonged to the very virulent genotype of European/Asian type, while the other IBDV detected from a guinea fowl belonged to the classical genotype. To our knowledge, this is the first report of detection of the IBDV genome in free-living pigeons and guinea fowls. The detection of IBDV from apparently healthy guinea fowls and pigeons elucidates the role of wild birds in the epidemiology of IBDV.

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Acknowledgments

We thank the participating farmers in Tanzania and Zambia. The assistance of Mr Edson Rugaimukamu, Mr Geofrey Mulungu, and Mr Jonas Fitwangile of Sokoine University of Agriculture, and Ms. Christine and Ms. Caroline of the University of Zambia, in sample collection is highly appreciated. This work was partly funded by Grants-in-Aid for Basic Scientific Research (A) 17255010 and (C) 18580308 from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu Univeristy, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan

    Christopher J. Kasanga, Philemon N. Wambura, Hetron M. Munang’andu, Kenji Ohya & Hideto Fukushi

  2. The Avian Zoonosis Research Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, 4-101, Koyama Minami, Tottori, 680-8550, Japan

    Tsuyoshi Yamaguchi

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  1. Christopher J. Kasanga
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  2. Tsuyoshi Yamaguchi
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  3. Philemon N. Wambura
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  4. Hetron M. Munang’andu
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  5. Kenji Ohya
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  6. Hideto Fukushi
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Correspondence to Hideto Fukushi.

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Kasanga, C.J., Yamaguchi, T., Wambura, P.N. et al. Detection of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) genome in free-living pigeon and guinea fowl in Africa suggests involvement of wild birds in the epidemiology of IBDV. Virus Genes 36, 521–529 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11262-008-0219-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11262-008-0219-z

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