Abstract
Aim
The rate of nitrate (NO3 −) uptake and changes in rhizosphere properties were studied growing seedlings of two maize inbred lines differing in nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) in rhizoboxes.
Results
Changes in NO3 − uptake rates occurred in response to anion addition (induction) in seedlings grown both in hydroponic culture and in soil in rhizoboxes. The characterization of root exudate composition showed a line-specific metabolite profile, which was also affected by NO3 − availability. The induction affected respiration, nitrification, ammonification and enzyme activities of the rhizosphere. Furthermore, the composition of rhizosphere bacterial communities of the two maize lines differed suggesting the selective capacity of plants.
Conclusions
Overall, results showed a strong and fast modification of rhizospheric soil properties in response to physiological changes in plants caused by fluctuating NO3 − availability.
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ESM 2
Chromatographic profiles of root exudates collected by roots of seedling not treated with NO3- (control) of Lo5 and T250 lines. (PDF 39 kb)
ESM 3
ID, m/z (-) value (in negative ionization mode) m/z (+) value (in positive ionization mode), retention time (rt), putative identification of signal. (XLSX 14 kb)
ESM 4
Row ID, Row m/z (in negative ionization mode), retention time, putative identification, p1 and pq(corr)1 and p-value of t-test of multivariate and t-test analysis performed of each comparisons or samples. (XLSX 631 kb)
ESM 5
ID, m/z (-) value (in negative ionization mode), m/z (+) value (in positive ionization mode), retention time (rt), putative identification, ms/ms value and ms3 value for each fragment. I %= percentage of intensity of the signal compared to the higher signal (=100%). (PDF 162 kb)
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Varanini, Z., Cesco, S., Tomasi, N. et al. Nitrate induction and physiological responses of two maize lines differing in nitrogen use efficiency: effects on N availability, microbial diversity and enzyme activity in the rhizosphere. Plant Soil 422, 331–347 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-017-3452-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-017-3452-1