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Drainage Performance of Different Sizes Tire Chips used Alone and Mixed with Natural Aggregates as Leachate Drainage Layer Material

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Abstract

Results of compressibility and hydraulic conductivity testing performed under different levels of average vertical stress were used to determine the appropriate tire chips size (in particular aspect ratio) and tire chip—gravel random state mix combination. Proper sidewall treatment was provided to reduce side wall friction up to minimum level and constant head conditions were maintained with appropriate design flow rate. Results showed that tire chips (length 25 mm, aspect ratio 1) mixed with 40 mm gravel in the random state in mixing ratio of 3:1 (ds:dg) was observed to undergo minimum strain, maximum hydraulic conductivity and hence free drainage even under high vertical stress levels. By selecting tire chips of appropriate aspect ratio and optimum mix combination for the construction of drainage layer of MSW landfill leachate collection system lower strain response, higher hydraulic conductivity values and relatively free drainage even under anticipated higher vertical stress levels may be achieved.

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Abbreviations

kPa:

kiloPascal

ΔH:

Constant head level maintained during constant head hydraulic conductivity testing

Sg:

Gravel of particular specific gravity used in experimental study

Tire chips:

Pieces of scrap tire with a basic geometrical shape, almost all protruding wires removed, sharper more regular edges with an appearance of being “cut” as opposed to torn or shredded varying in size between 12 and 100 mm

Tire shreds:

Size (50–305 mm) reduced tire piece, irregularly shaped (without any proper geometrical shape) tire chunks with jagged edges that may or may not contain protruding wires (sharp pieces of metal, parts of steel belts or beads)

TS1:

Tire chips of average size 25 mm × 25 mm (small) with aspect ratio 1 (square shape)

TS2:

Tire chips of average size 25 mm × 50 mm (small) with aspect ratio 2 (rectangular)

TS3:

Tire chips of average size 25 mm × 100 mm (large) with aspect ratio 4 (strip shape)

TS4:

Tire chips of average size 50 mm × 100 mm (large) with aspect ratio 2 (rectangular)

TS5:

Tire chips of average size 100 mm × 100 mm (large) with aspect ratio 1 (square shape)

TDA:

Tire derived aggregates

A.R:

Aspect ratio

ξ:

Strain response

k:

Hydraulic conductivity of the drainage materials

δ:

Average incremental stress levels (anticipated on bottom drainage layer materials due to regular addition of MSW over the leachate collection and removal systems)

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Civil Engineering, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar National Institute of Technology Jalandhar, Jalandhar, Punjab, 144008, India

    M. K. Kaushik & Arvind Kumar

  2. Department of Chemical Engineering, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar National Institute of Technology Jalandhar, Jalandhar, 144008, India

    Ajay Bansal

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  1. M. K. Kaushik
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  2. Arvind Kumar
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  3. Ajay Bansal
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Correspondence to M. K. Kaushik.

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Kaushik, M.K., Kumar, A. & Bansal, A. Drainage Performance of Different Sizes Tire Chips used Alone and Mixed with Natural Aggregates as Leachate Drainage Layer Material. Geotech Geol Eng 34, 167–191 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10706-015-9937-x

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