Transmission electron microscopy is used to study the effect of doping vanadium with titanium and iron on the formation of helium porosity and gas swelling with ionic embedding of helium at 650°C. It is found that large facetted pores larger than 20 nm form in pure vanadium and vanadium exhibits the largest gas swelling. Doping with any amount of titanium (from 0.1 to 10%) and iron (from 1 to 10%) considerably decreases helium swelling. The titanium concentration has almost no effect on the density of the bubbles. The effect of titanium doping of vanadium on the porosity parameters and swelling is of a nonmonotonic character; in the case of iron doping of vanadium the bubble density increases and the bubble size increases monotonically and swelling occurs with increasing iron concentration. The minimum sizes of the bubbles and swelling are observed in alloy with the maximum titanium content V–10%Ti and the structural alloy V–4%Ti–Cr.
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Translated from Atomnaya Énergiya, Vol. 109, No. 3, pp. 141–148, September, 2010.
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Chernov, I.I., Staltsov, M.S., Kalin, B.A. et al. Mechanisms of helium porosity formation in vanadium alloys as a function of the chemical composition. At Energy 109, 176–183 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10512-011-9341-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10512-011-9341-4