Abstract
Methane (CH4) is one of the most important greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, making it worthwhile to study its temporal and vertical distributions in source areas, e.g., North China. For this purpose, a ground-based high-resolution Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), the Bruker IFS 125HR, along with an in-situ instrument, the Picarro G2301, were deployed in Xianghe County (39.8°N,117.0°E), Hebei Province, China. Data have been recorded since June 2018. For the FTIR measurements, we used two observation modes to retrieve the mole fraction of CH4: the Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON) method (retrieval algorithm: GGG2014), and the Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change (NDACC) method (retrieval algorithm: SFIT4). Combining FTIR with in-situ measurements, we found the temporal and vertical distributions of atmospheric CH4 within three vertical layers (near the ground, in the troposphere, and in the stratosphere), and throughout the whole atmosphere. Regarding the diurnal variation of CH4 near the ground, the concentration at night was higher than during the daytime. Regarding the seasonal variation, CH4 was low in spring and high in summer, for all three vertical layers. In addition, there was a peak of CH4 in winter near the ground, both in the troposphere and the whole atmosphere. We found that variation of CH4 in the tropospheric column was close to that of the in-situ measurements near the ground. Furthermore, the variations of CH4 in the stratospheric column could be influenced by vertical motions, since it was higher in summer and lower in winter.
摘要
甲烷(CH4)是大气中最重要的温室气体之一,研究其浓度在源排放地区如我国华北的时空变化特征具有科学意义。为此,中国河北省香河县(北纬39.8°,东经117.0°)部署了地基高分辨率傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIR)、Bruker IFS 125HR,以及原位测量仪器Picarro G2301。香河站FTIR观测数据自2018年6月开始正式记录。对于FTIR的测量,我们使用了两种观测模式来获取CH4的摩尔分数:总碳柱观测网络(TCCON)方法(反演算法: GGG2014)和大气成分变化检测网络(NDACC)方法(反演算法:SFIT4)。结合FTIR地基遥感和地面采样测量,本文揭示了大气CH4在三个垂直层(近地、对流层、平流层)和整个大气中的时间和垂直分布。TCCON观测结果显示的平均值(标准偏差)为1.8839 ppm (0.0129 ppm);NDACC观测结果显示的平均值(标准偏差)为1.9234 ppm (0.0193 ppm)。Picarro仪器测量的CH4摩尔分数近地面的平均值(标准偏差)为2.2049 ppm (0.0945 ppm)。近地面的CH4摩尔分数比高13%左右,这主要是由于香河附近地表有很强的CH4排放。平流层CH4摩尔分数远低于对流层CH4摩尔分数。在地面附近、对流层和平流层也发现了类似的CH4季节变化。平流层CH4摩尔分数随季节变化,这可能与平流层-对流层交换的影响有关。
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06 December 2023
An Erratum to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00376-023-3009-6
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Acknowledgements
This research was funded by the National Key R&D Program of China (Grant Nos. 2017YFB 0504000 and 2017YFC150 1701) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 41975035). We want to thank the TCCON community for sharing the GGG2014 retrieval code, the NDACC community for sharing the SFIT4 retrieval code, and NOAA for providing the CarbonTracker-CH4 Data Assimilation Product. We also want to thank Weidong NAN, Qing YAO, and Qun CHEN (Xianghe site) for the maintenance of the in-situ and FTIR measurements at Xianghe.
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Article Highlights
• A new FTIR measurement site began operating in Xianghe in June 2018, using both the TCCON and NDACC methods.
• Regarding the seasonal variation of CH4, the FTIR total column amounts were highest in August (about 1.95 ppm) and December (about 1.92 ppm).
• Regarding the diurnal variation of CH4 near the ground, the concentration at night was higher than that during the daytime.
• FTIR measurements suggest that variation of CH4 in the stratospheric column is influenced by vertical motions.
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Ji, D., Zhou, M., Wang, P. et al. Deriving Temporal and Vertical Distributions of Methane in Xianghe Using Ground-based Fourier Transform Infrared and Gas-analyzer Measurements. Adv. Atmos. Sci. 37, 597–607 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00376-020-9233-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00376-020-9233-4