Abstract
We determined the effect of zosuquidar·3HCl, an inhibitor of P-gp, on the penetration of the anticancer drug paclitaxel into the brain. Zosuquidar·3HCl was administered orally at 25 and 80 mg/kg 1 h before i.v. paclitaxel and i.v. at 20 mg/kg 10 min and 1 h before paclitaxel. The concentrations of paclitaxel in plasma and tissues and of zosuquidar·3HCl in plasma were quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography. The results revealed 3.5-fold and 5-fold higher paclitaxel levels in the brain of wild-type mice treated orally with 25 and 80 mg/kg zosuquidar·3HCl, respectively. However, complete inhibition as in P-gp knockout mice (11-fold increase) was not achieved. Zosuquidar·3HCl also increased the paclitaxel concentrations in plasma and tissues to levels similar to those observed in P-gp knockout mice, suggesting selective P-gp inhibition of zosuquidar·3HCl. When zosuquidar·3HCl was administered i.v. 10 min before paclitaxel, the paclitaxel levels in the brain of wild-type mice increased by 5.6-fold, whereas the increase was only 2.1-fold when zosuquidar·3HCl was administered 1 h before paclitaxel. This suggests that the inhibition of P-gp at the blood-brain barrier by zosuquidar·3HCl is rapidly reversible and that the concentrations of zosuquidar·3HCl in the plasma have already declined to levels insufficient to inhibit P-gp at the blood-brain barrier. In conclusion, zosuquidar·3HCl is only moderately active as an inhibitor of P-gp at the blood-brain barrier.
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Acknowledgements
The authors thank A.J. Schrauwers for excellent biotechnical assistance. This work was supported by grant NKB992033 from the Dutch Cancer Society.
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Kemper, E.M., Cleypool, C., Boogerd, W. et al. The influence of the P-glycoprotein inhibitor zosuquidar trihydrochloride (LY335979) on the brain penetration of paclitaxel in mice. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 53, 173–178 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00280-003-0720-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00280-003-0720-y