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Roles of Candida albicans Aspartic Proteases in Host-Pathogen Interactions

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Pathophysiological Aspects of Proteases

Abstract

Candida albicans—a common opportunistic fungal pathogen of humans—causes serious, disseminated invasive infections (candidiases) executed due to the action of several groups of virulence factors. One of the most critical is a family of secreted aspartic proteases involved in the destruction of host proteins and tissues. This chapter aims to characterize biochemical and structural properties of these enzymes that determine their functions and summarize their specific roles in the development and propagation of fungal infections. Candidal aspartic proteases deregulate the host biochemical homeostasis, by impairing the major proteolytic cascades such as the blood coagulation, the kallikrein-kinin system, and the complement system, by unleashing the activity of host proteases due to the degradation of specific endogenous inhibitors and by the inactivation of antimicrobial peptides and proteins produced by host cells. The degradation of important host proteins influences the fungal adhesion to the host cell surfaces, promotes the subsequent tissue damages, and enables the further dissemination of the pathogen. Confirmed multiple roles of candidal aspartic proteases in the host-pathogen interactions during candidiasis qualify these enzymes as promising potential targets for novel antifungal therapies.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported in part by the National Science Centre of Poland (grant no. 571 UMO-2012/05/B/NZ1/00003 awarded to M.R.-K). Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Biotechnology of Jagiellonian University is a partner of the Leading National Research Center (KNOW) supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Comparative Biochemistry and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Krakow, Poland

    Mariusz Gogol, Marcin Zawrotniak, Justyna Karkowska-Kuleta & Maria Rapala-Kozik

  2. Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Krakow, Poland

    Mariusz Gogol, Oliwia Bochenska & Dorota Zajac

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  1. Mariusz Gogol
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  2. Oliwia Bochenska
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  3. Marcin Zawrotniak
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  4. Justyna Karkowska-Kuleta
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  6. Maria Rapala-Kozik
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Correspondence to Maria Rapala-Kozik .

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  1. Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal, India

    Sajal Chakraborti

  2. Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manitoba, Manitoba, Canada

    Naranjan S. Dhalla

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Gogol, M., Bochenska, O., Zawrotniak, M., Karkowska-Kuleta, J., Zajac, D., Rapala-Kozik, M. (2017). Roles of Candida albicans Aspartic Proteases in Host-Pathogen Interactions. In: Chakraborti, S., Dhalla, N. (eds) Pathophysiological Aspects of Proteases. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6141-7_15

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