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Surface States, Surface Effects

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Book cover Photoelectron Spectroscopy

Part of the book series: Advanced Texts in Physics ((ADTP))

Abstract

It has been stated already that PES, because of the small escape depth of the electrons in a solid, is in principle a surface sensitive technique. However, the agreement found in the preceding chapter between calculated and experimental bulk-band structures was remarkable. We take this as evidence that most of the information obtained in a PES experiment is representative of the bulk solid. This is due to the fact that the electronic and lattice relaxation at the surface of a solid are generally not very large. This means, for example, that for most materials the interlattice spacing perpendicular to the surface is changed measurably only for the topmost layer, typically only by a few percent of the bulk lattice constant. A similar statement holds with respect to the perturbation of the electron states perpendicular to a surface: the unperturbed bulk electronic states are generally found to within one lattice constant from the surface. Therefore in conventional PES experiments, which probe several atomic layers perpendicular to the surface, the genuine surface contribution is not a large fraction of the total measured spectrum and is often even hard to recover (but see Sect. 7.3.4 for notable exceptions).

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  1. Fakultät für Physik und Elektrotechnik, Fachrichtung 7.2 — Experimentalphysik, Universität des Saarlandes, Postfach 151150, 66041, Saarbrücken, Germany

    Professor Dr. Stefan Hüfner

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Hüfner, S. (2003). Surface States, Surface Effects. In: Photoelectron Spectroscopy. Advanced Texts in Physics. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-09280-4_8

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