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Akutes Kompartmentsyndrom

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Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie

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Zusammenfassung

Ein akutes Kompartmentsyndrom der Extremitäten kann durch ein Trauma und weiteren Mechanismen zu einer schweren, die Extremität gefährdenden Komplikation führen. Die Pathophysiologie lässt sich mit einer Minderperfusion des Gewebes und Ischämie beschreiben, die durch eine Kompartmentdruckerhöhung provoziert wird. Eine Diagnose wird vor allem durch das klinische Beschwerdebild gestellt. Diese wird bei Patienten mit Bewusstseinstrübung und grenzwertigem Erscheinungsbild durch die apparative Diagnostik mittels invasiver Logendruckmessung ergänzt. Die kausale Therapie besteht in der mechanischen Entlastung des anatomischen Kompartimentes mithilfe einer Dermatofasziotomie und anschließender sekundärer Wundbehandlung bzw. Wundverschluss. Zusammenfassend sind die zeitlich adäquate Diagnostik und Therapie entscheidend, um schwerwiegende Sekundärfolgen zu vermeiden. Hierzu sind Behandlungsalgorithmen für den klinischen Alltag unerlässlich.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Sana Klinikum Offenbach, Klinik für Unfallchirurgie und Orthopädische Chirurgie, Offenbach, Deutschland

    Richard Martin Sellei

  2. Universitätsklinik der RWTH Aachen, Klinik für Unfall- und Wiederherstellungschirurgie, Aachen, Deutschland

    Philipp Kobbe

Authors
  1. Richard Martin Sellei
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  2. Philipp Kobbe
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Richard Martin Sellei .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Klinik für Orthopädie, Klinikum Osnabrück GmbH Klinik für Orthopädie, Osnabrück, Niedersachsen, Germany

    Martin Engelhardt

  2. Unfallchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Münster Unfallchirurgie, Münster, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany

    Michael Raschke

Section Editor information

  1. No affiliation provided

    Frank Hildebrand

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Sellei, R.M., Kobbe, P. (2019). Akutes Kompartmentsyndrom . In: Engelhardt, M., Raschke, M. (eds) Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie. Springer Reference Medizin. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54673-0_40-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54673-0_40-1

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-54673-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-54673-0

  • eBook Packages: Springer Referenz Medizin

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