Skip to main content

Hidden Hunger

  • Chapter
  • First Online:

Abstract

A country road west of Kathmandu. Our bus broke down, a replacement should arrive sometime or another. A small group of aid workers, dieticians, and agricultural experts is standing around and looking at the Dhaulagiri basked in the light of the setting sun. It will be getting cold soon, very soon and we start to wonder where we can find ‘shelter’ until our replacement vehicle gets here. We find ourselves among small fields with trees, if they can still be called that, lining the outer perimeters. Mostly, they are just a bare trunk without any branches except for a green cap at the very top from what was spared. The branches were all cut off to be used as firewood and now rise in smoke form from the reddish brown huts, which stand like tiny molehills in the smoky fields. At the side of the road, in front of one such hut a wispy man is standing and silently beckons us to come in by opening the door. The smell of soot and animals permeates the semidarkness of the inside of the hut. The man sets glasses down onto a wooden table and invites us to drink some tea. Tucked away in the background, a young woman stands in front of the soot-churning stove along with three children who smile as, full of curiosity, they inch their way toward us.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   34.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   44.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   44.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

References

  • ACC/SCN (2000) (Administratice Commitee on Coordination/Subcommittee on Nutrition—United Nations) 4th report on the world nutrition situation. Geneva

    Google Scholar 

  • Andersson M, Karumbanathan V, Zimmermann M (2012) Global iodine status in 2011 and trends over the past decade. J Nutr 142:744–750

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Beaton G, Martorell R, Aronson KJ, Edmonston B, McCabe G, Ross AC, Harvey B (1993) Effectiveness of vitamin A supplementation in the control of young child morbidity and mortality in developing countries. ACC/SCN State of the Art Series, Nutrition Policy Discussion Paper No. 13

    Google Scholar 

  • Biesalski HK, Nohr D (2003) Importance of vitamin A for function and development. Mol Asp Med 24:431–440

    Google Scholar 

  • Biesalski HK, Nohr D (2004) New aspects in vitamin a metabolism: the role of retinyl esters as systemic and local sources for retinol in mucous epithelia. J Nutr 134(Suppl 12):3453S–3457S

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bischoff-Ferrari HA, Shao A, Dawson-Hughes B, Hathcock J, Giovannucci E, Willett WC (2010) Benefit-risk assessment of vitamin D supplementation. Osteoporos Int 21(7):1121–1132

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Black RE, Allen LH, Bhutta ZA, Caulfield LE, de Onis M, Ezzati M, Mathers C, Rivera J; Maternal and Child Undernutrition Study Group (2008) Maternal and child undernutrition: global and regional exposures and health consequences. Lancet 371:243–260

    Google Scholar 

  • Campbell AA, Thorne-Lyman A, Sun K, de Pee S, Kraemer K, Moench-Pfanner R, Sari M, Akhter N, Bloem MW, Semba RD (2009) Indonesian women of childbearing age are at greater risk of clinical vitamin A deficiency in families that spend more on rice and less on fruits/vegetables and animal-based foods. Nutr Res 29:75–81

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cole CR, Lifshitz F (2008) Zinc nutrition and growth retardation. Ped Endocrinol 5:88–96

    Google Scholar 

  • Dhingra U, Hiremath G, Menon VP, Dhingra P, Sarkar A, Sazawal S (2009) Zinc deficiency: descriptive epidemiology and morbidity among preschool children in peri-urban population in Delhi, India. J Health Popul Nutr 27(5):632–639

    Google Scholar 

  • Fishman SL, Claufield M et al (2004) Childhood and maternal underweight. In: Ezzati M, Lopez A, Rodgers A, Murray CJL (Hrsg) Comparative quantification of health risks: global and regional burden of disease attributable to selected major risk factors, vol S. WHO, Geneva, pp 39–162

    Google Scholar 

  • Food and Agriculture Organization (2010) The state of food insecurity in the World. FAO, Rom

    Google Scholar 

  • Gliason G, Carter H, Ahmed E (2003) Anemia levels in monthly age cohorts of children (0–24 months) accumulated from 18 demographic and health service. In: Workshop of prevention anemia in children (6–24 months of age). International nutrition foundation/micronutrient initiative, Ottawa

    Google Scholar 

  • Grune T, Lietz G, Palou A, Ross AC, Stahl W, Tang G, Thurnham D, Yin SA, Biesalski HK (2010) Beta-carotene is an important vitamin A source for humans. J Nutr 140(12):2268S–2285S

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Haddad LJ, Bouis HE (1991) The impact of nutritional status on agricultural productivity. Oxford Bull Econ Stat 53:45–68

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Humphrey JA, Rice AL (2000) Vitamin A supplementation of young infants. Lancet 356:422–424

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Imdad A, Bhutta Z (2011) Effect of preventive zinc supplementation on linear growth in children under 5 years of age in developing countries: a meta-analysis of studies for input to the lives saved tool. BMC Public Health 11(Suppl 3):S22

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • IZiNCG Country updates (2006) http://www.izincg.org

  • Kraemer K, Zimmermann MB (2007) Nutritional anaemia. Sight and Life, Basel

    Google Scholar 

  • Lozoff B, Jimenez E, Smith JB (2006) Double burden of iron deficiency in infancy and low socioeconomic status: a longitudinal analysis of cognitive test scores to age 19 years. Arch Ped Adolesc Med 160:1108

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lukowski AF, Koss M, Burden MJ, Jonides J, Nelson CA, Kaciroti N, Jimenez E, Lozoff B (2010) Iron deficiency in infancy and neurocognitive functioning at 19 years: evidence of long-term deficits in executive function and recognition memory. Nutr Neurosci 13:54–70

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Outes-Leon I, Sanchez A (2008) Assessment of the young lives sampling approach in Ethiopia, Oxford: Young lives

    Google Scholar 

  • Pelletier EL, Frongillo DA Jr, Schröder DG, Habich JP (1995) The effects of malnutrition on childhood mortality in developing countries. Bull WHO 73:443–448

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ross J, Horton S (1998) Economic consequences of iron deficiency. Micronutrient Initiative, Ottawa

    Google Scholar 

  • Shankar AH, Prasad AS (1998) Zinc and immune function: the biological basis of altered resistance to infection. Am J Clin Nutr 68(Suppl 2):447S–463S

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sommer A (1997) Vitamin A. Nature Med 3:1061–1063

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Souganidis ES, Sun K, de Pee S, Kraemer K, Rah JH, Moench-Pfanner R, Sari M, Bloem MW, Semba RD (2011) Determinants of anemia clustering among mothers and children in Indonesia. J Trop Pediatr 58(3):170–7. (Epub 2011 Jul 10)

    Google Scholar 

  • Stoltzfus RJ, Chway HM, Montresor A, Tielsch JM, Jape JK, Albonico M, Savioli L (2004) Low dose daily iron supplementation improves iron status and appetite but not anemia, whereas quarterly anthelminthic treatment improves growth, appetite and anemia in Zanzibari preschool children. J Nutr 134:348–356

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Thamm M, Ellert U, Thierfelder W, Liesenkötter KP, Völzke H (2007) Jodversorgung in Deutschland. Bundesgesheitsbl 50:744–749

    Google Scholar 

  • West KP Jr, Mehra S (2010) Vitamin A intake and status in populations facing economic stress. J Nutr 140:201–207

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • WHO (2002) The World health report 2002. Reducing Risks, Promoting Healthy Life. http://www.who.int/whr/2002/en/whr02_en.pdf. Accessed 25 July 2012

  • WHO (2003) The World health report 2003. Shaping the Future. http://www.who.int/whr/2003/en/whr03_en.pdf

  • WHO (2004) Maternal Mortality Estimates developed by WHO. UNICEF and UNFPA, Geneva 2004

    Google Scholar 

  • WHO (2010) Trends in maternal mortality: 1990 to 2008. http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2010/9789241500265_eng.pdf. Accessed 25 July 2012

  • Zimmermann MB (2009) Iodine deficiency. Endocr Rev 30:376–408

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Hans Konrad Biesalski .

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Biesalski, H.K. (2013). Hidden Hunger. In: Hidden Hunger. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33950-9_2

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics