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The RNA Exosomes

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Ribonucleases

Part of the book series: Nucleic Acids and Molecular Biology ((NUCLEIC))

Abstract

RNA exosomes are large multimeric 3′-5′ exo- and endonucleases found in eukaryotes and many archaeal species. They represent the central RNA 3′-end processing factor and are implicated in processing, quality control, and turnover of both coding and noncoding RNAs. RNA exosomes are highly regulated and processive machineries, assembled as large macromolecular cages that channel RNA to the ribonuclease sites. The primordial exosome – found in archaea and related to bacterial and organelle degradosomes – possesses a phosphorolytic active cage that can both degrade and polyadenylate RNA in RNA decay processes. Human and yeast exosomes lost phosphorolytic activities but gained ectopic subunits with hydrolytic activities, while preserving the RNA channeling function.

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Acknowledgment

Work in KPHs laboratory on exosomes is supported by a grant from the German Research Council (DFG HO2489/3).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry at the Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 25, 81377, Munich, Bavaria, Germany

    Karl-Peter Hopfner

  2. Center for Integrated Protein Sciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Bavaria, Germany

    Karl-Peter Hopfner

  3. Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA

    Sophia Hartung

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  1. Karl-Peter Hopfner
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  2. Sophia Hartung
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Correspondence to Karl-Peter Hopfner .

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  1. Temple University, 1900 North 12th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA

    Allen W. Nicholson

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Hopfner, KP., Hartung, S. (2011). The RNA Exosomes. In: Nicholson, A. (eds) Ribonucleases. Nucleic Acids and Molecular Biology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21078-5_9

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