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Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Diseases

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Geriatric Gastroenterology

Abstract

The numbers of older adults are on the rise due to declining fertility and mortality rates. In 2019, the global number of people aged 65 years or over was ~730 million, which represents 9% of the world’s population, and will double by 2050, reaching ~1.5 billion people or 16% of the population. This chapter presents an overview of the epidemiology of a select group of benign and malignant gastrointestinal disorders in the geriatric population. Gastrointestinal bleeding, peptic ulcer disease, abdominal hernias, diverticular disease, gallstones, acute pancreatitis, inflammatory bowel disease, Clostridium difficile infection, and liver diseases are among some of the some benign conditions discussed that cause high morbidity and mortality in geriatric individuals. Other common gastrointestinal disorders in older adults such as gastroesophageal reflux disease and swallowing disorders represent a significant burden in the ambulatory setting, but with low associated mortality. Cancer in the colorectum, pancreas, esophagus, liver, and stomach are the five most common gastrointestinal neoplasms in the old age group. Pancreatic and esophageal cancers are highly lethal. Colonic polyps, pancreatic cysts, and Barrett’s esophagus are premalignant lesions frequently detected in old individuals that offer an opportunity to reduce the incidence and mortality of some malignancies.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic Health System, Eau Claire, WI, USA

    Jorge D. Machicado

  2. Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA

    Julia B. Greer & Dhiraj Yadav

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  1. Jorge D. Machicado
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  2. Julia B. Greer
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  3. Dhiraj Yadav
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Correspondence to Dhiraj Yadav .

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  1. Saint Peter's Healthcare System, New Brunswick, NJ, USA

    C. S. Pitchumoni

  2. Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Wakefield Campus, Bronx, NY, USA

    T.S. Dharmarajan

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Machicado, J.D., Greer, J.B., Yadav, D. (2020). Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Diseases. In: Pitchumoni, C., Dharmarajan, T. (eds) Geriatric Gastroenterology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90761-1_7-1

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