Abstract
The separation of phases in monotectic Al-In and Al–Ga–In alloys is studied. Different cooling rates result in different morphologies and dispersions of the secondary In or Ga–In phases in an Al matrix. Both uniform dispersion of In particles in an Al matrix and layered In phase along the Al grain boundaries are produced. Ga–In liquid phases are situated primarily along the Al grain boundaries. It is the co-effects of coalescence and particle pushing in addition to a monotectic reaction in solidification. The Ga–In layer along the Al grain boundaries acts as a catalyst in splitting water and provides a passageway for oxygen to oxide the Al matrix. As a result, hydrogen can be separated from water for clean energy applications.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsReferences
Murray J. The Al–Ga (Aluminum–Gallium) system. Journal of Phase Equilibria 1983;4:183–90.
Predel B. Constitution and thermodynamics of monotectic alloys—A survey. Journal of phase equilibria 1997;18:327–37.
Huang T, Gao Q, Liu D, Xu S, Guo C, Zou J, Wei C. Preparation of Al–Ga–In–Sn–Bi quinary alloy and its hydrogen production via water splitting. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2015;40:2354–62.
Ziebarth JT, Woodall JM, Kramer RA, Choi G. Liquid phase-enabled reaction of Al–Ga and Al–Ga–In–Sn alloys with water. international journal of hydrogen energy 2011;36:5271–9.
Anderson T, Ansara I. The Ga–In (gallium–indium) system. Journal of phase equilibria 1991;12:64–72.
Ladd C, So JH, Muth J, Dickey MD. 3D printing of free standing liquid metal microstructures. Advanced Materials 2013;25:5081–5.
Park J, Wang S, Li M, Ahn C, Hyun JK, Kim DS, Kim DK, Rogers JA, Huang Y, Jeon S. Three-dimensional nanonetworks for giant stretchability in dielectrics and conductors. Nature communications 2012;3:916.
Rus D, Tolley MT. Design, fabrication and control of soft robots. Nature 2015;521:467–75.
Gelles S, Mark worth A. Microgravity studies in the liquid-phase immiscible system: Aluminum–indium. AIAA Journal 1978;16:431–8.
Wang C, Liu X, Ohnuma I, Kainuma R, Ishida K. Formation of immiscible alloy powders with egg-type microstructure. Science 2002;297:990–3.
Goswami R, Chattopadhyay K. The solidification behaviour of Bi particles embedded in an Al matrix. Acta materialia 1996;44:2421–9.
Gröbner J, Mirković D, Schmid-Fetzer R. Monotectic four-phase reaction in Al–Bi–Zn alloys. Acta materialia 2005;53:3271–80.
Grugel RN, Well AH. Alloy solidification in systems containing a liquid miscibility gap. Metallurgical Transactions A 1981;12:669–81.
Kamio A, Kumai S, Tezuka H. Solidification structure of monotectic alloys. Materials Science and Engineering: A 1991;146:105–21.
Murray J. The Al-In (Aluminum-Indium) system. Bulletin of Alloy Phase Diagrams 1983;4:271–8.
Clarke A, Imhoff S, Gibbs P, Cooley J, Morris C, Merrill F, Hollander B, Mariam F, Ott T, Barker M. Proton radiography peers into metal solidification. Scientific reports 2013;3.
Gilpin R. Theoretical studies of particle engulfment. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 1980;74:44–63.
Pereiro-Lopez E, Ludwig W, Bellet D, Cloetens P, Lemaignan C. Direct evidence of nanometric invasionlike grain boundary penetration in the Al/Ga system. Physical review letters 2005;95:215501.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society
About this paper
Cite this paper
Wang, X., Liu, X. (2018). Phase Formation of Monotectic Al–In and Al–Ga–In Alloys and Implications Thereof. In: Martin, O. (eds) Light Metals 2018. TMS 2018. The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-72284-9_38
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-72284-9_38
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-72283-2
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-72284-9
eBook Packages: Chemistry and Materials ScienceChemistry and Material Science (R0)