Abstract
This chapter discusses resolution 1540 implementation trends through the lens of several pressing issues related to the role and content of the resolution itself, in order to identify the state of worldwide implementation as well as to suggest ways to achieve greater overall compliance. A review of the data contained in the 1540 matrices is also included.
Keywords
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See: ‘Statement by the President of the Security Council’, United Nations Security Council, 07 May 2014. Available at: <http://www.un.org/en/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=S/PRST/2014/7> (Accessed 09 December 2014).
- 2.
Slaughter, A-M. and Burke-White, W., ‘The Future of International Law is Domestic’, Harvard International Law Journal, 47:2 (Summer 2006). Available at: <https://www.law.upenn.edu/cf/faculty/wburkewh/workingpapers/47HarvIntlLJ327%282006%29.pdf> (Accessed 15 December 2014).
- 3.
United Nations Security Council, ‘Resolution 1540 (2004)’.
- 4.
As of 24 December 2013, 171 Member States had submitted a national report. UNSCR 1540 Committee, ‘Review of the Implementation of Resolution 1540 (2004) for 2013’, 26 December 2013. Available at: <http://www.un.org/en/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=S/2013/769> (Accessed 15 December 2014).
- 5.
United Nations Security Council, ‘Resolution 2118 (2013)’, 27 September 2013. Available at: <http://www.securitycouncilreport.org/atf/cf/%7B65BFCF9B-6D27-4E9C-8CD3-CF6E4FF96FF9%7D/s_res_2118.pdf> (Accessed 15 December 2014).
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- 10.
UNSC, ‘Resolution 1810 (1008)’.
- 11.
For example, see: Nuclear Threat Initiative, ‘1540 Resource Collection’. Available at: <http://www.nti.org/analysis/reports/1540-reporting-overview/> (Accessed 15 December 2014).
- 12.
UNSCR 1540 Committee, ‘The 1540 Matrix’. Available at: <http://www.un.org/en/sc/1540/national-implementation/matrix.shtml> (Accessed 15 December 2014).
- 13.
This data set was collected based on matrices and national reports as of 2012. ‘The 1540 Matrix’, 1540 Committee, New York. Available at <http://www.un.org/en/sc/1540/national-implementation/matrix.shtml> (Accessed 15 December 2014).
- 14.
‘Background papers prepared by 1540 Committee experts according to the document on modalities for the consideration of a Comprehensive Review (S/2009/170), 2009. Comprehensive review on the status of the implementation of resolution 1540.’ Available at: <http://www.un.org/en/sc/1540/comprehensive-review/open-meetings.shtml> (Accessed 28 December 2014).
- 15.
Crail, P., ‘Implementing Resolution 1540: Assessing Progress in National Nuclear Export Controls’, Summary of Presentation at Nautilus Institute Workshop on Cooperation to Control Non-state Proliferation, Washington, DC, 04–05 April 2011. Available at: <http://nautilus.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/1540-and-National-Nuclear-Controls-Summary-Peter-Crail.pdf> (Accessed 15 December 2014).
- 16.
‘Background papers prepared by 1540 Committee experts according to the document on modalities for the consideration of a Comprehensive Review (S/2009/170), 2009. Comprehensive review on the status of the implementation of resolution 1540.’
- 17.
Examples of such entities include the Palestinian territories, Puerto Rico, Greenland, Bermuda, Western Sahara, components of the United Kingdom.
- 18.
Taiwan, the Holy See, and Kosovo are non-member states of the United Nations. Other entities exist with limited recognition as states, such as the Republic of South Ossetia, the Republic of Abkhazia, and several others.
- 19.
It should be noted that the need and legitimacy of extraterritorial controls is not universally recognised. Resolution 1540 does, to some extent, challenge the legitimacy of such extraterritorial measures as, being a Security Council resolution, it recognises the inherent sovereignty of each state to decide what measures will be applicable within its borders.
- 20.
Standard deviation is a widely used measure of variability or diversity used in statistics and probability theory. It shows how much variation or ‘dispersion’ there is from the average (mean, or expected value). A low standard deviation indicates that the data points tend to be very close to the mean, whereas high standard deviation indicates that the data points are spread out over a large range of values.
- 21.
UNSCR 1540 Committee, ‘National Implementation—General Information’, extracted from 2011 reports. Available at: <http://www.un.org/en/sc/1540/national-implementation/> (Accessed 15 December 2014).
- 22.
UNSCR 1540 Committee, ‘Report of the Security Council Committee Established Pursuant to Resolution 1540’, 2016. Available at: http://www.un.org/en/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=S/2016/1038 (Accessed 15 January 2017).
- 23.
Joon, O. (chair), ‘Letter dated 24/12/2013 from the Chair of the Security Council Committee established pursuant to resolution 1540 (2004) addressed to the President of the Security Council’, 26 December 2013. Available at: <http://www.un.org/en/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=S/2013/769> (Accessed 15 December 2014).
- 24.
The 1540 Matrix, 1540 Committee website, United Nations, New York. Available at <http://www.un.org/en/sc/1540/national-implementation/matrix.shtml> (Accessed 21 October 2015).
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Viski, A. (2018). UNSCR 1540: Implementation Trends. In: Salisbury, D., Stewart, I., Viski, A. (eds) Preventing the Proliferation of WMDs. Palgrave Pivot, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-72203-0_3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-72203-0_3
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