Abstract
Debris flows are one of the most frequent mass movement processes which develop on the mountain river network. With high flow velocity, long run-out, and high impacts, they are one of the most hazardous types of landslide. The material involved is heterometric debris with an extremely heterogeneous grain size distribution. The present research is focused on the interaction between the potential debris flow deposits from Rio Conzen and Canalone Andrea rivers with one of the four settling slag basins created during mining operations in the Cave del Predil mine (Tarvisio, Friuli Venezia Giulia, NE Italy). The mine is historical, the first written record of its existence dates back to 800BC. It remained active for a long period, and was the cause of dispute between the Italians and Austrians during WWI when the Austrians used a tunnel to transport troops and war material. After 1991 when the mine was closed, some levels were partially flooded in order to grant stability to the mine. The latter was later converted into a touristic area that along with the whole Val Canale valley was hit by an extremely intense alluvial event in August 2003 when more than 100 debris flows occurred. The valley is orthogonal to Val Canale where more intense damages occurred, but the possibility of the occurrence of new events (return period of 300y) is still high. The aim of this study was to create a possible scenario of the event, using FLO-2D software. The scenario obtained allow to study the interactions between debris flow deposits and the slag basins, and provide an understanding of the possibility of a river interruption. Scenarios can be considered extremely useful data to assist in informed future territorial planning of the area providing a good indication for hazard definition.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Arattano M, Conte R, Franzi L, Giordan D, Lazzari A, Luino F (2010) Risk management on an alluvial fan: a case study of the 2008 debris-flow event at Villar Pellice (Piedmont, N-W Italy). Nat Hazards Earth Syst Sci 10:999–1008. doi:10.5194/nhess-10-999-2010
Bacchini M, Zannoni A (2003) Relations between rainfall and triggering of debri-flow: case study of Cancia (Dolomites, Northeastern Italy). Nat Hazards Earth Syst Sci 3:71–79
Bertolo P, Wieczorek GF (2005) Calibration of numerical models for small debris flows in Yosemite Valley, California, USA. Nat Hazards Earth Syst Sci 5:993–1001
Boccali C, Calligaris C, Zini L, Cucchi F, Lapasin R (2014) Comparison of scenarios after ten years: the influence of input parameters in Val Canale valley (Friuli Venezia Giulia, Italy). In: Lollino G et al (eds) Engineering geology for society and territory, vol 2, pp 525–529
Boniello MA, Calligaris C, Lapasin R, Zini L (2010) Rheological investigation and simulation of a debris-flow event in the Fella watershed. Nat Hazards Earth Syst Sci 10:989–997. doi:10.5194/nhess-10-989-2010
Borga M, Boscolo P, Zanon F, Sangati M (2007) Hydrometeorological analysis of the 29 August flash flood in the eastern Italian Alps. Am Meteorol Soc :1049–1067. doi:10.1175/JHM593.1
Brigo L, Omenetto P (1976) Le mineralizzazioni piombo-zincifere della zona di Raibl. Nuovi aspetti giacimentologici. Rassegna “L’industria mineraria”, febbraio 1976, pp 49–56
Calligaris C, Zini L (2012) Debris flow phenomena: a short overview. In: Dar IA (eds) Earth sciences. TECH (Croatia), pp 71–90. ISBN: 978-953-307-672-0
Calligaris C, Boniello MA, Zini L (2008) Debris flow modelling in Julian Alps using FLO-2D. In: De Wrachien D, Brebbia CA, Lenzi MA (eds) Monitoring, simulation, prevention and remediation of dense and debris flow II. WIT Press, UK, pp 81–88. ISBN: 9781845641184
Calligaris C, Zini L, Cucchi F (2012) Debris follow rainfall thresholds in Val Canale Valley: first steps into their redefinition. In Monitoring, simulation, prevention and remediation of dense and debris flows IV, vol 73, pp 49–57. doi:10.2495/DEB120051
Carulli GB (2006) Note illustrative della Carta Geologica del Friuli Venezia Giulia Scala 1:150.000, S.E.L.C.A. Firenze
Cazzaniga C, Sciesa E, Thuring M, Zonta MF (2005) CatchRisk. Mitigation of hydro-geological risk in alpine catchments. Final report. Program Interreg IIIB—Alpine space. 189 p
Chuang MH, Chang TJ, Lin ML, Hsu MH (2000) An analysis of debris-flow transport in tributaries of Chen-Yo-Lan Creek, Taiwan. In: Second international conference on debris-flow hazards mitigation: mechanics, prediction, and assessment, ASCE, Taipei, Taiwan, pp 515–519
D’Agostino V, Tecca PR (2006) Some considerations on the application of the FLO-2D model for debris flow hazard assessment. In: Proceedings of the 1st international conference on monitoring, simulation, prevention and remediation of dense and debris flows, Rhodes, Greece. WIT Press, Southampton, pp 159–170
Fleming MJ (2000) Technical reference manual, hydrologic modeling system HEC-HMS, HQ US Army Corps of Engineers, pp 1–148
Fleming MJ (2001) User’s manual, hydrologic modeling system HEC-HMS Version 3.5, HQ US Army Corps of Engineers, pp 1–318
Gumbel EJ (2004) Stochastics of extremes. Dover Pubblications Inc., Mineola
Hübl J, Steinwendtner H (2001) Two-dimensional simulation of two viscous debris flows in Austria. Phys Chem Earth Part C 26(9):639–644. doi:10.1016/S1464-1917(01)00061-7
Hungr O, Evans SG, Bovis MJ, Hutchinson JN (2001) A review of the classification of landslides of the flow type. Environ Eng Geosci 8(3):221–238
Hussin HY, Ciurean R, Frigerio S, Marcato G, Calligaris C, Reichenbach P, Van Westen CJ, Glade T (2014) Assessing the effect of mitigation measures on landslide hazard using 2D numerical runout modelling. Landslide Sci Safer Geoenviron 2:679–684. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-05050-8_105
Jakob M (2005) Debris flow hazard analysis (Chapter 17). Debris-flow hazards and related phenomena. In: Jakob, M. Hungr, O (eds) Praxis Sperling, Berlin, pp 411–443
Nicola G (2010) Colate detritiche a Cave del Predil. MS thesis, DISGAM University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
O’Brien JS, Julien PY (2000) Flo-2D User’s Manual, Version 2000.01; Flo-Engineering: Nutrioso, AZ, USA, 2000, p 170
O’Brien JS, Julien PY, Fullerton WT (1993) Two-dimensional water flood and mudflow simulation. J Hydraul Eng 119(2):244–259
Pohar C (2000) Le mineralizzazioni piombo-zincifere della Dolomia Ladino-Carnica. In: Carulli GB (ed) Proceedings of the 80th summer symposium, 6–8 Settembre 2000. Guida alle Escursioni, Università degli Studi di trieste, pp 101–102
Rickenmann D, Laigle D, Mc Ardel BW, Hübl J (2006) Comparison of 2D debris-flow simulation models with field events. Comput Geosci 10:241. doi:10.1007/s10596-005-9021-3
Tecca PR, Armento C, Genevois R (2006) Debris flow hazard and mitigation works in fiames slope (Dolomites, Italy). WIT Trans Ecol Environ 90:15–25. doi:10.2495/DEB060021
Tecca PR, Genevois R, Deganutti AM, Armento C (2007) Numerical modelling of two debris flows in the Dolomites (North-Eastern Italian Alps). In: 4th international conference debris flow hazards mitigation: mechanics, prediction, and assessment, Chengdu, China. Millpress, Rotterdam
Tropeano D, Turconi L, Sanna S (2004) Debris flow trigger by the 29 August 2003 cloudbust in Val Canale, eastern Italian Alps. In: Proceedings of the international symposium INTERPRAEVENT 2004, Riva del Garda, Italy, pp 121–132
Acknowledgements
The Authors are grateful to the technicians of the Hydraulic Service of the Friuli Venezia Giulia Region who provided the raw rainfall data. The Authors would also like to thank Karolyn Close who proof-read the text.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 Springer International Publishing AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Calligaris, C., Nicola, G., Casagrande, G., Zini, L., Cucchi, F. (2017). Debris Flow Hazard Assessment (Cave del Predil—NE Italy). In: Mikoš, M., Casagli, N., Yin, Y., Sassa, K. (eds) Advancing Culture of Living with Landslides. WLF 2017. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-53485-5_43
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-53485-5_43
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-53484-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-53485-5
eBook Packages: Earth and Environmental ScienceEarth and Environmental Science (R0)