Abstract
Eccentric and explosive strength training have the potential to stimulate in-series sarcomere addition in children with cerebral palsy (CP), as previously seen in typically developing children. This adaptation would enable greater muscle power generation. Similarly to previously used ankle robotic therapy, we believe the CPWalker robotic platform is an optimal tool as it may deliver individualized eccentric and explosive strength training during gait and under highly controlled conditions. Thus, a proposal for an 8 week CPWalker training program for children with CP is described.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
R.L. Lieber, J. Fridén, Functional and clinical significance of skeletal muscle architecture. Muscle Nerve 23, 1647–1666 (2000)
R.L. Lieber, S. Steinman, I.A. Barash, H. Chambers, Structural and functional changes in spastic skeletal muscle. Muscle Nerve 29(5), 615–627 (2004)
N.G. Moreau, M.J. Falvo, D.L. Damiano, Rapid force generation is impaired in cerebral palsy and is related to decreased muscle size and functional mobility. Gait Posture 35(1), 154–158 (2012)
K.M. Wisdom, S.L. Delp, E. Kuhl, Use it or lose it: multiscale skeletal muscle adaptation to mechanical stimuli. Biomech. Model. Mechanobiol. 14(2), 195–215 (2014)
M.V. Franchi, P.J. Atherton, N.D. Reeves, M. Flück, J. Williams, W.K. Mitchell, A. Selby, R.M. Beltran, Valls, and M. V Narici, Architectural, functional and molecular responses to concentric and eccentric loading in human skeletal muscle. Acta Physiol. 210(3), 642–654 (2014)
S. Reid, P. Hamer, J. Alderson, D. Lloyd, Neuromuscular adaptations to eccentric strength training in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy. Dev. Med. Child Neurol. 52(4), 358–363 (2010)
N.G. Moreau, K. Holthaus, N. Marlow, Differential adaptations of muscle architecture to high-velocity versus traditional strength training in cerebral palsy. Neurorehabil. Neural Repair 27(4), 325–334 (2013)
C. Bayon, R. Raya, S.L. Lara, O. Ramirez, I.J. Serrano, E. Rocon, Robotic therapies for children with cerebral palsy: A systematic review,” Transl. Biomed. 7(1:44), 1–10 (2016)
K. Chen, Y.-N. Wu, Y. Ren, L. Liu, D. Gaebler-Spira, K. Tankard, J. Lee, W. Song, M. Wang, and L.-Q. Zhang, Home-based versus laboratory-based robotic ankle training for children with cerebral palsy: A pilot randomized comparative trial, Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil., Feb. 2016
G.C. Burdea, D. Cioi, A. Kale, W.E. Janes, S.A. Ross, J.R. Engsberg, Robotics and gaming to improve ankle strength, motor control, and function in children with cerebral palsy. A case study series. IEEE Trans. Neural Syst. Rehabil. Eng. 21(2), 165–173 (2013)
Y.-N. Wu, M. Hwang, Y. Ren, D. Gaebler-Spira, L.-Q. Zhang, Combined passive stretching and active movement rehabilitation of lower-limb impairments in children with cerebral palsy using a portable robot. Neurorehabil. Neural Repair 25(4), 378–385 (2011)
D. Cioi, A. Kale, G. Burdea, J. Engsberg, W. Janes, and S. Ross, Ankle control and strength training for children with cerebral palsy using the Rutgers Ankle CP: a case study. IEEE Int. Conf. Rehabil. Robot., vol. 2011, no. April 2016, p. 5975432, Jan. 2011
T. Sukal-Moulton, T. Clancy, L.-Q. Zhang, D. Gaebler-Spira, Clinical application of a robotic ankle training program for cerebral palsy compared to the research laboratory aplication: Does it translate to practice? Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. 95(8), 1433–1440 (2014)
H. Zhao, Y.-N. Wu, M. Hwang, Y. Ren, F. Gao, D. Gaebler-Spira, L.-Q. Zhang, Changes of calf muscle-tendon biomechanical properties induced by passive-stretching and active-movement training in children with cerebral palsy. J. Appl. Physiol. 111(2), 435–442 (2011)
T. Sukal-Moulton, T. Clancy, L.-Q. Zhang, D. Gaebler-Spira, Clinical application of a robotic ankle training program for cerebral palsy compared to the research laboratory application: Does it translate to practice? Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. 95(8), 1433–1440 (2014)
S.L. Lara, J.I. Serrano, L.L.S, M.C.I.C. Bayón, I. Serrano, R. Raya, B. Jm, M.L.T, M.S.B, Can robotic-based top-down rehabilitation therapies improve motor control in children with cerebral palsy? A perspective on the CPWalker projec,” Biomed. Res. Clin. Pract. 1(1), 22–26 (2016)
A.D. Faigenbaum, W.J. Kraemer, C.J.R. Blimkie, I. Jeffreys, L.J. Micheli, M. Nitka, T.W. Rowland, Youth resistance training: Updated position statement paper from the national strength and conditioning association. J. Strength Cond. Res. 23(5), 60–79 (2009)
Acknowledgments
Financial support for the project ‘CPWalker-Robotic Platform for Gait Rehabilitation and Training in Patients with Cerebral Palsy’, under contract number: DPI2012-39133-C03-01.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 Springer International Publishing AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Lorenzo, T.M., Lara, S.L., Bayón, C., Ramírez, O., Rocon, E. (2017). The CP Walker for Strength Training in Children with Spastic Cerebral Palsy: A Training Program Proposal. In: Ibáñez, J., González-Vargas, J., Azorín, J., Akay, M., Pons, J. (eds) Converging Clinical and Engineering Research on Neurorehabilitation II. Biosystems & Biorobotics, vol 15. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46669-9_197
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46669-9_197
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-46668-2
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-46669-9
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)