Abstract
In humans, repeated exposure to the effects of events can lead to anticipation of these effects. This behaviour has been observed in infants from as young as 3 months old. During infant experiments, the infants have been observed to predict either by pre-saccadic movements or reach actions according to the expected future outcome of the event. Event anticipation or prediction is necessary for such behaviours. In this paper we demonstrate prediction of object motion events using the adaptive learning tool Dev-PSchema. Results shows that the system is able to predict the linear motion outcome of the visual event using generalised schemas.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Adler, S.A., Haith, M.M.: The nature of infants’ visual expectations for event content. Infancy 4(3), 389–421 (2003)
Aguilar, W., y Pérez, R.P.: Dev ER: a computational model of early cognitive development as a creative process. Cogn. Syst. Res. 33, 17–41 (2015)
Canfield, R.L., Haith, M.M.: Young infants’ visual expectations for symmetric and asymmetric stimulus sequences. Dev. Psychol. 27(2), 198 (1991)
Cangelosi, A., Schlesinger, M., Smith, L.B.: Developmental Robotics: From Babies to Robots. MIT Press, Cambridge (2015)
Claxton, L.J., Keen, R., McCarty, M.E.: Evidence of motor planning in infant reaching behavior. Psychol. Sci. 14(4), 354–356 (2003)
Demiris, Y.: Prediction of intent in robotics and multi-agent systems. Cogn. Process. 8(3), 151–158 (2007)
Geib, C., Mourao, K., Petrick, R., Pugeault, N., Steedman, M., Krueger, N., Wörgötter, F.: Object action complexes as an interface for planning and robot control. In: IEEE RAS International Conference on Humanoid Robots (2006)
Hermans, T., Rehg, J.M., Bobick, A.: Affordance prediction via learned object attributes. In: IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA): Workshop on Semantic Perception, Mapping, and Exploration. Citeseer (2011)
von Hofsten, C., Vishton, P., Spelke, E.S., Feng, Q., Rosander, K.: Predictive action in infancy: tracking and reaching for moving objects. Cognition 67(3), 255–285 (1998)
Krüger, N., Geib, C., Piater, J., Petrick, R., Steedman, M., Wörgötter, F., Ude, A., Asfour, T., Kraft, D., Omrčen, D., et al.: Object-action complexes: grounded abstractions of sensory-motor processes. Robot. Auton. Syst. 59(10), 740–757 (2011)
Paulus, M., Hunnius, S., van Wijngaarden, C., Vrins, S., van Rooij, I., Bekkering, H.: The role of frequency information and teleological reasoning in infants’ and adults’ action prediction. Dev. Psychol. 47(4), 976 (2011)
Pezzulo, G.: Coordinating with the future: the anticipatory nature of representation. Minds Mach. 18(2), 179–225 (2008)
Piaget, J., Cook, M., Norton, W.: The Origins of Intelligence in Children, vol. 8. International Universities Press, New York (1952)
Schlesinger, M., Casey, P.: Visual Expectations in Infants: Evaluating the Gaze-Direction Model. Lund University Cognitive Studies (2003)
Schlesinger, M., Langer, J.: Infants’ developing expectations of possible and impossible tool-use events between ages 8 and 12 months. Dev. Sci. 2(2), 195–205 (1999)
Sheldon, M.: Intrinsically motivated developmental learning of communication in robotic agents. Ph.D. thesis, Aberystwyth University (2013)
Sheldon, M., Lee, M.: Pschema: A developmental schema learning framework for embodied agents. In: 2011 IEEE International Conference on Development and Learning (ICDL), vol. 2, pp. 1–7. IEEE (2011)
Wörgötter, F., Agostini, A., Krüger, N., Shylo, N., Porr, B.: Cognitive agents-a procedural perspective relying on the predictability of Object-Action-Complexes (OACs). Robot. Auton. Syst. 57(4), 420–432 (2009)
Acknowledgements
This research is supported by the Aberystwyth University Doctoral Training Programme, Sukkur IBA (Pakistan) Faculty Development Program and the UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC), grant No. EP/M013510/1. We are grateful for contributions from our recent research colleagues, in particularly Dr. Michael Sheldon, for the development of the PSchema tool.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this paper
Cite this paper
Kumar, S., Shaw, P., Lewkowicz, D., Giagkos, A., Lee, M., Shen, Q. (2016). Generalising Predictable Object Movements Through Experience Using Schemas. In: Tuci, E., Giagkos, A., Wilson, M., Hallam, J. (eds) From Animals to Animats 14. SAB 2016. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 9825. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43488-9_29
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43488-9_29
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-43487-2
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-43488-9
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)