Abstract
Surfaces, interfaces, thin films, and quantum wires provide abundant examples of quasi two-dimensional or one-dimensional systems in science and technology. Quantum mechanics in low dimensions has become an important tool for modeling properties of these systems. Here we wish to go beyond the simple low-dimensional potential models of Chapter 3 and discuss in particular implications of the dependence of energy-dependent Green’s functions on the number d of spatial dimensions. However, if it is true that the behavior of electrons in certain systems and parameter ranges can be described by low-dimensional quantum mechanics, then there must also exist ranges of parameters for quasi low-dimensional systems where the behavior of electrons exhibits inter-dimensional behavior in the sense that there must exist continuous interpolations e.g. between two-dimensional and three-dimensional behavior. We will see that inter-dimensional (or “dimensionally hybrid”) Green’s functions provide a possible avenue to the identification and discussion of inter-dimensional behavior in physical systems.
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Notes
- 1.
These concepts are further discussed in Appendix J. However, it is not necessary to read Appendix J before reading this section.
- 2.
For spin or helicity, there is actually a transition from a tensor product to a trace operation in making the connection between (20.15) and (20.16): \(1 =\sum _{s}\vert s\rangle \langle s\vert \rightarrow \sum _{s}\langle s\vert s\rangle = g\). Otherwise equation (20.16) would yield the density of states per spin state.
- 3.
R. Dick, Physica E 40, 2973 (2008); Nanoscale Res. Lett. 5, 1546 (2010).
- 4.
R. Dick, Int. J. Theor. Phys. 42, 569 (2003). See also the previous references.
- 5.
A.C. Zulkoskey, R. Dick, K. Tanaka, Phys. Rev. A 89, 052103 (2014).
Bibliography
M. Abramowiz, I.A. Stegun (eds.), Handbook of Mathematical Functions, 10th printing (Wiley, New York, 1972)
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Dick, R. (2016). Dimensional Effects in Low-dimensional Systems. In: Advanced Quantum Mechanics. Graduate Texts in Physics. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-25675-7_20
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-25675-7_20
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