Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Imaging of Weight-Lifting Injuries

  • Chapter
Imaging in Sports-Specific Musculoskeletal Injuries

  • 2386 Accesses

Abstract

Weight lifting is a popular form of exercise. Resistance exercises and weight training have been shown to have beneficial effects on both muscle and osseous development and maintenance. Furthermore, weight training remains the ideal method for counteracting the effects of sarcopenia that occurs during the process of aging. Competitive weight-lifting events have broad appeal to both genders, with participants of all sizes and ages striving to create higher standards in performance. Therefore, it is not surprising that the incidence of injuries related to the lifting of weights has been on the rise in recent years. In general, most lifting injuries relate to either tensile forces or compressive forces, with overuse contributing a significant component to the injury. Although some weight-lifting injuries are readily apparent at the time of the injury, it is noteworthy that most injuries are difficult to isolate or quantify either clinically or with the use of radiographs. In these situations, MRI is best suited for further evaluation.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 139.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 179.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 249.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Almosnino S, Kingston D, Graham RB (2013) Three-dimensional knee joint moments during performance of the bodyweight squat: effects of stance width and foot rotation. J Appl Biomech 29:33–43

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Amadio PC (1990) Epidemiology of hand and wrist injuries in sports. Hand Clin 6:379–381

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Andarawis-Puri N, Flatow EL (2011) Tendon fatigue in response to mechanical loading. J Musculoskelet Neruonal Interact 11:106–114

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Andarawis-Puri N, Sereysky JB, Jepsen KJ et al (2012) The relationships between cyclic fatigue loading, changes in initial mechanical properties, and the in vivo temporal mechanical response of the rat patellar tendon. J Biomech 45:59–65

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Anderson MW (2006) Imaging of upper extremity stress fractures in the athlete. Clin Sports Med 25:489–504

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bach BR, Warren RF, Wickiewicz TL (1987) Triceps rupture. A case report and literature review. Am J Sports Med 15:285–289

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Belentani C, Pastore D, Wangwinyuvirat M et al (2009) Triceps brachii tendon: anatomic-MR imaging study in cadavers with histologic correlation. Skeletal Radiol 38:171–175

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Beltran L, Ghazikhanian V, Padron M et al (2012) The proximal hamstring muscle-tendon-bone unit: a review of the normal anatomy, biomechanics, and pathophysiology. Eur J Radiol 81:3772–3779

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bencardino JT, Rosenberg ZS, Brown RR et al (2000) Traumatic musculotendinous injuries of the knee: diagnosis with MR imaging. Radiographics 20(Spec No):S103–S120

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bethapudi S, Robinson P, Engebretsen L et al (2013) Elbow injuries at the London 2012 Summer Olympic Games: demographics and pictorial imaging review. AJR Am J Roentgenol 201:535–549

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bierry G, Simeone FJ, Borg-Stein JP et al (2014) Sacrotuberous ligament: relationship to normal, torn, and retracted hamstring tendons on MR images. Radiology 271:162–171

    Google Scholar 

  • Blankenbaker DG, Tuite MJ (2010) Temporal changes of muscle injury. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 14:176–193

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Boutin RD, Fritz RC, Steinbach LS (2002) Imaging of sports-related muscle injuries. Radiol Clin N Am 40:333–362, vii

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bowers EJ, Morgan DL, Proske U (2004) Damage to the human quadriceps muscle from eccentric exercise and the training effect. J Sports Sci 22:1005–1014

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Brady TA, Cahill BR, Bodnar LM (1982) Weight training-related injuries in the high school athlete. Am J Sports Med 10:1–5

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Brandser EA, el-Khoury GY, Kathol MH et al (1995) Hamstring injuries: radiographic, conventional tomographic, CT, and MR imaging characteristics. Radiology 197:257–262

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Brigido MK, De Maeseneer M, Morag Y (2013) Distal biceps brachii. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 17:20–27

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Carrino JA, Chandnanni VP, Mitchell DB et al (2000) Pectoralis major muscle and tendon tears: diagnosis and grading using magnetic resonance imaging. Skelet Radiol 29:305–313

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (2006) Trends in strength-training- United States, 1998–2004. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 55:769–772

    Google Scholar 

  • Chang CY, Huang AJ (2013) MR imaging of normal hip anatomy. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am 21:1–19

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chen SK, Lu CC, Chou PH et al (2009) Patellar tendon ruptures in weight lifters after local steroid injections. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 129:369–372

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chew ML, Giuffre BM (2005) Disorders of the distal biceps brachii tendon. Radiographics 25:1227–1237

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Churilla JR, Magyari PM, Ford ES et al (2012) Muscular strengthening activity patterns and metabolic health risk among US adults. J Diab 4:77–84

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Connell DA, Potter HG, Sherman MF et al (1999) Injuries of the pectoralis major muscle: evaluation with MR imaging. Radiology 210:785–791

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cresswell TR, Smith RB (1998) Bilateral anterior shoulder dislocations in bench pressing: an unusual cause. Br J Sports Med 32:71–72

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cvitanic O, Henzie G, Skezas N et al (2004) MRI diagnosis of tears of the hip abductor tendons (gluteus medius and gluteus minimus). AJR Am J Roentgenol 182:137–143

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Davis KW (2008) Imaging of the hamstrings. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 12:28–41

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • de Castro PA, Andreoli CV, Belangero PS et al (2014) Clinical considerations for the surgical treatment of pectoralis major muscle ruptures based on 60 cases: a prospective study and literature review. Am J Sports Med 42:95–102

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • de la Puente R, Boutin RD, Theodorou DJ et al (1999) Post-traumatic and stress-induced osteolysis of the distal clavicle: MR imaging findings in 17 patients. Skeletal Radiol 28:202–208

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • De Smet AA (1993) Magnetic resonance findings in skeletal muscle tears. Skeletal Radiol 22:479–484

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Deutsch AL, Mink JH (1989) Magnetic resonance imaging of musculoskeletal injuries. Radiol Clin N Am 27:983–1002

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dewan AK, Chhabra AB, Khanna AJ et al (2013) MRI of the elbow: techniques and spectrum of disease: AAOS exhibit selection. J Bone Joint Surg Am 95:1–13

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dirim B, Brouha SS, Pretterklieber ML et al (2008) Terminal bifurcation of the biceps brachii muscle and tendon: anatomic considerations and clinical implications. AJR Am J Roentgenol 191:W248–W255

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • El-Dieb A, Yu JS, Huang G-S et al (2002) Pathologic conditions of the ligaments and tendons of the knee. Radiol Clin N Am 40:1061–1079

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • El-Khoury GY, Wira RL, Berbaum KS et al (1992) MR imaging of patellar tendinitis. Radiology 184:849–854

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • El-Khoury GY, Brandser EA, Kathol MH et al (1996) Imaging of muscle injuries. Skeletal Radiol 25:3–11

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • ElMaraghy AW, Devereaux MW (2012) A systematic review and comprehensive classification of pectoralis major tears. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 21:412–422

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Eng J, Westcott J, Better N (2008) Stress fracture of the first rib in a weightlifter. Clin Nucl Med 33:371–373

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Faigenbaum AD, Myer GD (2010) Resistance training among young athletes: safety, efficacy and injury prevention effects. Br J Sports Med 44:56–63

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Falchook FS, Zlatkin MB, Erbacher GE et al (1994) Rupture of the distal biceps tendon: evaluation with MR imaging. Radiology 190:659–663

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Farrar EL, Lippert FG (1981) Avulsion of the triceps tendon. Clin Orthop Relat Res 161:242–246

    Google Scholar 

  • Fees M, Decker T, Snyder-Mackler L et al (1998) Upper extremity weight-training modifications for the injured athlete. A clinical perspective. Am J Sports Med 26:732–742

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fitzgerald SW, Curry DR, Erickson SJ et al (1994) Distal biceps tendon injury: MR imaging diagnosis. Radiology 191:203–206

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fleckenstein JL, Weatherall PT, Parkey RW et al (1989) Sports-related muscle injuries: evaluation with MR imaging. Radiology 172:793–798

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Garrett WE Jr (1990) Muscle strain injuries: clinical and basic aspects. Med Sci Sports Exerc 22:436–443

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Garrett WE Jr (1996) Muscle strain injuries. Am J Sports Med 24:S2–S8

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Garrett WE, Califf JC, Bassett FH (1984) Histochemical correlates of hamstring injuries. Am J Sports Med 12:98–9103

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gisslen K, Ohberg L, Alfredson H (2006) Is the chronic painful tendinosis a strong tendon?: a case study involving an Olympic weightlifter with chronic painful Jumper’s knee. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 14:897–902

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Goodwin DW (2011) Imaging of skeletal muscle. Rheum Dis Clin N Am 37:245–251

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gumbs VL, Segal D, Halligan JB et al (1982) Bilateral distal radius and ulnar fractures in adolescent weight lifters. Am J Sports Med 10:375–379

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Habib PA, Huang GS, Mendiola JA, Yu JS (2004) Anterior chest pain: musculoskeletal considerations. Emerg Radiol 11:37–45

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hamilton HK (1984) Stress fracture of the diaphysis of the ulna in a body builder. Am J Sports Med 12:405–406

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Haupt HA (2001) Upper extremity injuries associated with strength training. Clin Sports Med 20:481–490

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hayter CL, Giuffre BM (2009) Overuse and traumatic injuries of the elbow. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am 17:617–638

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Heggland EJ, Parker RD (1997) Simultaneous bilateral glenoid fractures associated with glenohumeral subluxation/dislocation in a weightlifter. Orthopedics 20:1180–1183; discussion 1183–1184

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Heiss DG, Shields RK, Yack HJ (2002) Balance loss when lifting a heavier-than-expected load: effects of lifting technique. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 83:48–59

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Herrick RT, Herrick S (1987) Ruptured triceps in a powerlifter presenting as cubital tunnel syndrome. A case report. Am J Sports Med 15:514–516

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hortobagyi T, DeVita P (2000) Favorable neuromuscular and cardiovascular responses to 7 days of exercise with an eccentric overload in elderly women. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 55:B401–B410

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kainberger F, Mittermaier F, Seidl G et al (1997) Imaging of tendons – adaptation, degeneration, rupture. Eur J Radiol 25:209–222

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kalra K, Neri B (2010) Isolated pectoralis minor tendon tear in a professional ice hockey player--radiographic findings and presentation. Skeletal Radiol 39:1251–1253

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kannus P, Natri A (1997) Etiology and pathophysiology of tendon ruptures in sports. Scand J Med Sci Sports 7:107–112

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kaplan PA, Resnick D (1986) Stress-induced osteolysis of the clavicle. Radiology 158:139–140

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Keogh J, Hume PA, Pearson S (2006) Retrospective injury epidemiology of one hundred one competitive Oceania power lifters: the effects of age, body mass, competitive standard, and gender. J Strength Cond Res 20:672–681

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kerkhoffs GM, van Es N, Wieldraaijer T et al (2013) Diagnosis and prognosis of acute hamstring injuries in athletes. Knee Surg Sports Truamatol Arthrosco 21:500–509

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kerr R (1997) MR imaging of sports injuries of the hip and pelvis. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 1:65–82

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kerr ZY, Collins CL, Comstock RD (2010) Epidemiology of weight training-related injuries presenting to United States emergency departments, 1990 to 2007. Am J Sports Med 38:765–771

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Khan KM, Bonar F, Desmond PM et al (1996) Patellar tendinosis (jumper’s knee): findings at histopathologic examination, US, and MR imaging. Victorian Institute of Sport Tendon Study Group. Radiology 200:821–827

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kingzett-Taylor A, Tirman PF, Feller J et al (1999) Tendinosis and tears of gluteus medius and minimus muscles as a cause of hip pain: MR imaging findings. AJR Am J Roentgenol 173:1123–1126

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Klemme WR, Petersen SA (1995) Avulsion of the triceps brachii with selective radial neuropathy. Orthopedics 18:285–287

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kolber MJ, Beekhuizen KS, Cheng MS et al (2010) Shoulder injuries attributed to resistance training: a brief review. J Strength Cond Res 24:1696–1704

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kolber MJ, Corrao M, Hanney WJ (2013) Characteristics of anterior shoulder instability and hyperlaxity in the weight-training population. J Strength Cond Res 27:1333–1339

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Koplas MC, Schneider E, Sundaram M (2011) Prevalence of triceps tendon tears of MRI of the elbow and clinical correlation. Skelet Radiol 40:587–594

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Koulouris G, Connell D (2005) Hamstring muscle complex: an imaging review. Radiographics 25:571–586

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kramer J, White LM, Recht MP (2009) MR imaging of the extensor mechanism. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 13:384–401

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Krebs DE, Jette AM, Assmann SF (1998) Moderate exercise improves gait stability in disabled elders. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 79:1489–1495

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kretzler HH, Richardson AB (1989) Rupture of the pectoralis major muscle. Am J Sports Med 17:453–458

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kuzel BR, Grindel S, Papandrea R et al (2013) Fatty infiltration and rotator cuff atrophy. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 21:613–623

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lavallee ME, Balam T (2010) An overview of strength training injuries: acute and chronic. Curr Sports Med Rep 9:307–313

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lee J, Brookenthal KR, Ramsey ML et al (2000) MR imaging assessment of the pectoralis major myotendinous unit: an MR imaging-anatomic correlative study with surgical correlation. AJR Am J Roentgenol 174:1371–1375

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lee YS, Kwon ST, Kim JO et al (2011) Serial MR imaging of intramuscular hematoma: experimental study in a rat model with the pathologic correlation. Korean J Radiol 12:66–77

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lee JC, Mitchell AW, Healy JC (2012) Imaging of muscle injury in the elite athlete. Br J Radiol 85:1173–1185

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lempainen L, Sarimo J, Rawlins M et al (2011) Triceps tears in athletes: different injury patterns and surgical treatment. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 131:1413–1417

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Li X, Gorman MT, Dines JS et al (2012) Isolated tear of the pectoralis minor tendon in a high school football player. Orthopedics 35:1272–1275

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Linklater JM, Hamilton B, Carmichael J et al (2010) Hamstring injuries: anatomy, imaging, and intervention. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 14:131–161

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lomasney LM, Choi H, Jayanthi N (2013) Magnetic resonance arthrography of the upper extremity. Radiol Clin N Am 51:227–237

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Maffulli N, Mikhail HM (1990) Bilateral anterior glenohumeral dislocation in a weight lifter. Injury 21:254–256

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Magyari PM, Churilla JR (2012) Association between lifting weights and metabolic syndrome among U.S. Adults: 1999–2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. J Strength Cond Res 26:3113–3117

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mair SD, Zarzour RH, Speer KP (1998) Posterior labral injury in contact athletes. Am J Sports Med 26:753–758

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Marnitz T, Spiegel D, Hug K et al (2012) MR imaging findings in flexed abducted supinated (FABS) position and clinical presentation following refixation of distal biceps tendon rupture using bioabsorbable suture anchors. Röfo 184:432–436

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mazur LJ, Yetman RJ, Risser WL (1993) Weight-training injuries. Common injuries and preventative methods. Sports Med 16:57–63

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • McCurdie I, Etherington J, Buchanan N (1997) Sternal fracture in a female army officer cadet. Br J Sports Med 31:164

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mellado JM, Ramos A, Salvado E et al (2002) Avulsion fractures and chronic avulsion injuries of the knee: role of MR imaging. Eur Radiol 12:2463–2473

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Michna H (1986) Organisation of collagen fibrils in tendon: changes induced by an anabolic steroid. II. A morphometric and stereologic analysis. Virchows Arch B Cell Pathol Incl Mol Pathol 52:87–98

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Michna H (1987) Tendon injuries induced by exercise and anabolic steroids in experimental mice. Int Orthop 11:157–162

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Miller TT (2013) The patellar tendon. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 17:56–59

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Miller MD, Johnson DL, Fu FH et al (1993) Rupture of the pectoralis major muscle in a collegiate football player. Use of magnetic resonance imaging in early diagnosis. Am J Sports Med 21:475–477

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Myer GD, Quatman CE, Khoury J et al (2009) Youth versus adult “weightlifting” injuries presenting to United States emergency rooms: accidental versus nonaccidental injury mechanisms. J Strength Cond Res 23:2054–2060

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nance EP, Kaye JJ (1982) Injuries of the quadriceps mechanism. Radiology 142:301–307

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Neviaser TJ (1991) Weight lifting. Risks and injuries to the shoulder. Clin Sports Med 10:615–621

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ohashi K, El-Khoury GY, Albright JP et al (1996) MRI of complete rupture of the pectoralis major muscle. Skelet Radiol 25:625–628

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ostlere S (2013) The extensor mechanism of the knee. Radiol Clin N Am 51:393–411

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Palmer WE, Kuong SJ, Elmadbouh HM (1999) MR imaging of myotendinous strain. AJR Am J Roentgenol 173:703–709

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Petilon J, Carr DR, Sekiya JK et al (2005) Pectoralis major muscle injuries: evaluation and management. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 13:59–68

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pfirrman CW, Chung CB, Theumann NH et al (2001) Greater trochanter of the hip: attachment of the abductor mechanism and a complex of three bursae – MR imaging and MR bursography in cadavers and MR imaging in asymptomatic volunteers. Radiology 221:469–477

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Popp JE, Yu JS, Kaeding CC (1997) Recalcitrant patellar tendinitis. Magnetic resonance imaging, histologic evaluation, and surgical treatment. Am J Sports Med 25:218–222

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Powell KE, Heath GW, Kresnow MJ et al (1998) Injury rates from walking, gardening, weightlifting, outdoor bicycling, and aerobics. Med Sci Sports Exerc 30:1246–1249

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Prescott JW, Yu JS (2012) The aging athlete: part 1, “boomeritis” of the lower extremity. AJR Am J Roentgenol 199:294–306

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Prisk VR, Hamilton WG (2008) Stress fracture of the first rib in weight-trained dancers. Am J Sports Med 36:2444–2447

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Provencher MT, Handfield K, Boniquit NT et al (2010) Injuries to the pectoralis major muscle: diagnosis and management. Am J Sports Med 38:1693–1705

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Quatman C, Yu JS (2012) The aging athlete: part 2, “boomeritis” of the upper extremity. AJR Am J Roentgenol 199:W307–W321

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Quatman CE, Myer GD, Khoury J et al (2009) Sex differences in “weightlifting” injuries presenting to United States emergency rooms. J Strength Cond Res 23:2061–2067

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Raske A, Norlin R (2002) Injury incidence and prevalence among elite weight and power lifters. Am J Sports Med 30:248–256

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Reeves RK, Laskowski ER, Smith J (1998a) Weight training injuries: part 1: diagnosing and managing acute conditions. Phys Sportsmed 26:67–96

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Reeves RK, Laskowski ER, Smith J (1998b) Weight training injuries: part 2: diagnosing and managing chronic conditions. Phys Sportsmed 26:54–73

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Reiff DB, Heenan SD, Heron CW (1995) MRI appearances of the asymptomatic patellar tendon on gradient echo imaging. Skeletal Radiol 24:123–126

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Robertsen K, Kristensen O, Vejen L (1996) Manubrium sterni stress fracture: an unusual complication of non-contact sport. Br J Sports Med 30:176–177

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rowe PH (1979) Colles fracture due to weightlifting. Br J Sports Med 13:130–131

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Russell PJ, Phillips SJ (1989) A preliminary comparison of front and back squat exercises. Res Q Exerc Sport 60:201–208

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Scavenius M, Iversen BF (1992) Nontraumatic clavicular osteolysis in weight lifters. Am J Sports Med 20:463–467

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schwarzkopf R, Ishak C, Elman M et al (2008) Distal clavicular osteolysis: a review of the literature. Bull NYU Hosp Jt Dis 66:94–101

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sharafi B, Ames EG, Holmes JW et al (2011) Strains at the myotendinous junction predicted by a micromechanical model. J Biomech 44:2795–2801

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shellock FG, Fukunaga T, Mink JH et al (1991) Acute effects of exercise on MR imaging of skeletal muscle: concentric vs eccentric actions. AJR Am J Roentgenol 156:765–768

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shelly MJ, Hodnett PA, MacMahon PJ et al (2009) MR imaging of muscle injury. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am 17:757–773

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shepherd JH, Screen HR (2013) Fatigue loading of tendon. Int J Exp Pathol 94:260–270

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sherman OH, Snyder SJ, Fox JM (1984) Triceps tendon avulsion in a professional body builder. A case report. Am J Sports Med 12:328–329

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Siewe J, Rudat J, Rollinghoff M et al (2011) Injuries and overuse syndromes in powerlifting. Int J Sports Med 32:703–711

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Silver T, Fortenbaugh D, Williams R (2009) Effects of the bench shirt on sagittal bar path. J Strength Cond Res 23:1125–1128

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Singh NA, Quine S, Clemson LM et al (2012) Effects of high-intensity progressive resistance training and targeted multidisciplinary treatment of frailty on mortality and nursing home admissions after hip fracture: a randomized controlled trial. J Am Med Dir Assoc 13:24–30

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Slavotinek JP (2010) Muscle injury: the role of imaging in prognostic assignment and monitoring of muscle repair. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 14:194–200

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sollender JL, Rayan GM, Barden GA (1998) Triceps tendon rupture in weight lifters. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 7:151–153

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sousa N, Mendes R, Monteiro G et al (2014) Progressive resistance strength training and the related injuries in older adults: the susceptibility of the shoulder. Aging Clin Exp Res 26:235–240

    Google Scholar 

  • Stannard JP, Bucknell AL (1993) Rupture of the triceps tendon associated with steroid injections. Am J Sports Med 21:482–485

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Starok M, Lenchik L, Trudell D et al (1997) Normal patellar retinaculum: MR and sonographic imaging with cadaveric correlation. AJR Am J Roentgenol 168:1493–1499

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Steinbach LS, Fleckenstein JL, Mink JH (1997) MR imaging of muscle injuries. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 1:127–141

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Steunebrink M, De Winter D, Tol JL (2008) Bilateral stress fracture of the ulna in an adult weightlifter: a case report. Act Orthop Belg 74:851–855

    Google Scholar 

  • Stevens K, Kwak A, Poplawski S (2012) The biceps muscle from shoulder to elbow. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 16:296–315

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Storey A, Smith HK (2012) Unique aspects of competitive weightlifting: performance, training and physiology. Sports Med 42:769–790

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Swinton PA, Lloyd R, Keogh JW et al (2012) A biomechanical comparison of the traditional squat, powerlifting squat, and box squat. J Strength Cond Res 26:1805–1816

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tagliafico A, Gandolfo N, Michaud J et al (2012) Ultrasound demonstration of distal triceps tendon tears. Eur J Radiol 81:1207–1210

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tagliofico A, Michaud J, Capaccio E et al (2010) Ultrasound demonstration of distal biceps tendon bifurcation: normal and abnormal findings. Eur Radiol 20:202–208

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tillar RV, Saeterbakken A (2012) The sticking region in three chest-press exercises with increasing degrees of freedom. J Strength Cond Res 26:2962–2969

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Towers JD, Russ EV, Golla SK (2003) Biomechanics of tendons and tendon failure. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 7:59–65

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tran N, Chow K (2007) Ultrasonography of the elbow. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 11:105–116

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • van den Tillaar R, Ettema G (2010) The “sticking period” in a maximum bench press. J Sports Sci 28:529–535

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Van der Wall H, McLaughlin A, Bruce W et al (1999) Scintigraphic patterns of injury in amateur weight lifters. Clin Nucl Med 24:915–920

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wadhwa SS, Mansberg R, Fernandes VB et al (1997) Forearm splints seen on bone scan in a weightlifter. Clin Nucl Med 22:711–712

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Waters PM, Millis MB (1988) Hip and pelvic injuries in the young athlete. Clin Sports Med 7:513–526

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wenzke DR (2013) MR imaging of the elbow in the injured athlete. Radiol Clin N Am 51:195–212

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wolfe SW, Wickiewicz TL, Cavanaugh JT (1992) Ruptures of the pectoralis major muscle. An anatomic and clinical analysis. Am J Sports Med 20:587–593

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wood TO, Cooke PH, Goodship AE (1988) The effect of exercise and anabolic steroids on the mechanical properties and crimp morphology of the rat tendon. Am J Sports Med 16:153–158

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yan D, Zhang J, Liang W et al (2013) Magnetic resonance imaging and histopathological analysis of experimental muscle injuries in a rabbit. Biomed Environ Sci 26:841–848

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yu JS, Habib PA (2005) Common injuries related to weightlifting: MR imaging perspective. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 9:289–301

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yu JS, Petersilge C, Sartoris DJ et al (1994) MR imaging of injuries of the extensor mechanism of the knee. Radiographics 14:541–551

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yu JS, Popp JE, Kaeding CC et al (1995) Correlation of MR imaging and pathologic findings in athletes undergoing surgery for chronic patellar tendinitis. AJR Am J Roentgenol 165:115–118

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yu YS, Dardani M, Fischer RA (2000) MR observations of posttraumatic osteolysis of the distal clavicle after traumatic separation of the acromioclavicular joint. J Comput Assist Tomogr 24:159–164

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yu JS, Ashman CJ, Jones G (2002) The POLPSA lesion: MR imaging findings with arthroscopic correlation in patients with posterior instability. Skeletal Radiol 31:396–399

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zeiss J, Saddemi SR, Ebraheim NA (1992) MR imaging of the quadriceps tendon: normal layered configuration and its importance in cases of tendon rupture. AJR Am J Roentgenol 159:1031–1034

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zvijac JE, Schurhoff MR, Hechtman KS et al (2006) Pectoralis major tears: correlation of magnetic resonance imaging and treatment strategies. Am J Sports Med 34:289–294

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus State University, Columbus, OH, USA

    Scott S. Lenobel MD & Joseph S. Yu MD

Authors
  1. Scott S. Lenobel MD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Joseph S. Yu MD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Joseph S. Yu MD .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine , Boston, Massachusetts, USA

    Ali Guermazi

  2. Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine , Boston, Massachusetts, USA

    Frank W. Roemer

  3. Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine , Boston, Massachusetts, USA

    Michel D. Crema

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Lenobel, S.S., Yu, J.S. (2016). Imaging of Weight-Lifting Injuries. In: Guermazi, A., Roemer, F., Crema, M. (eds) Imaging in Sports-Specific Musculoskeletal Injuries. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14307-1_22

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14307-1_22

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-14306-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-14307-1

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation