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Limnoperna Fortunei pp 77–103Cite as

Reproductive Output and Seasonality of Limnoperna fortunei

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Part of the book series: Invading Nature - Springer Series in Invasion Ecology ((INNA,volume 10))

Abstract

Young Limnoperna fortunei mature sexually from 5–6 to  ~15 mm. The species is generally dioecious, with approximately equal numbers of males and females and very small (< 0.6 %) proportions of hermaphrodites. The gametogenic cycle has been described for both Asian and South American populations, recognizing between four and five reproductive phases. Gonadal cycles based on histological sections yielded somewhat dissimilar results for different areas. In Hong Kong, two yearly peaks in reproductive output were detected. In South America, mature sperm and ova have been recorded year round and several irregularly spaced spawning events have been observed, as well as more or less continuous breeding punctuated by peaks in spring and at the end of the summer. Reproductive studies based on changes in the abundance of larvae in the water column have been carried out in South America and in Japan. In tropical and subtropical South America, larval output is more or less continuous for 6–10 months of the year, often with a major peak in spring–early summer, and a smaller one in the late summer–autumn. In Japan, at considerably lower water temperatures, larval production is limited to 1–2 months centered around summer. Apparent disagreements between results based on histological data and on larval counts stem from the fact that while the latter integrate the reproductive output of extensive mussel beds dispersed over large areas, histological evidence pinpoints with high precision the ripening and spawning of isolated mussel clusters. Aside from water temperature, several other factors (pH, salinity, dissolved oxygen, suspended solids, chlorophyll a, flood–drought cycles) have been proposed as reproductive triggers, but actual associations have not been demonstrated. Peak larval densities can exceed 20,000 ind./m3, but, normally, values range around 6000 ind./m3, showing major fluctuations within short periods, as well as changes as a function of time elapsed post colonization, and availability of substrata suitable for adult occupation. Microcystin-producing cyanobacterial blooms can kill L. fortunei larvae.

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Acknowledgments

This work was partially financed by grants from the University of Buenos Aires, Argentina (UBA X-020 and 20020100100035) and from the Argentine Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica, Argentina (PICT 2007 1968) to DB.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires (IEGEBA), Universidad de Buenos Aires-CONICET, Ciudad Universitaria, 1428, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Demetrio Boltovskoy, Daniel Cataldo & Francisco Sylvester

  2. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales ‘Bernardino Rivadavia’-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Demetrio Boltovskoy & Daniel Cataldo

  3. School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China

    Brian Morton

  4. Servicio de Hidrografía Naval (Ministerio de Defensa), and Escuela de Ciencias del Mar (Instituto Universitario Naval), Av. Montes de Oca 2124, 1271, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Nancy Correa

  5. División Zoología Invertebrados, Museo de La Plata, Universidad Nacional de La Plata and CONICET, Paseo del Bosque s/n, 1900, La Plata, Argentina

    Cristina Damborenea

  6. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales ‘Bernardino Rivadavia’-CONICET, Av. Angel Gallardo 470, 1405, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Pablo E. Penchaszadeh

  7. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales,Instituto para el Estudio de la Biodiversidad de Invertebrados (IEBI), Universidad Nacional de Salta, Av. Bolivia 5150, 4400, Salta, Argentina

    Francisco Sylvester

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  1. Demetrio Boltovskoy
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  2. Brian Morton
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  3. Nancy Correa
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  4. Daniel Cataldo
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  5. Cristina Damborenea
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  6. Pablo E. Penchaszadeh
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  7. Francisco Sylvester
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Correspondence to Demetrio Boltovskoy .

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  1. Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Argentina

    Demetrio Boltovskoy

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Boltovskoy, D. et al. (2015). Reproductive Output and Seasonality of Limnoperna fortunei . In: Boltovskoy, D. (eds) Limnoperna Fortunei. Invading Nature - Springer Series in Invasion Ecology, vol 10. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-13494-9_5

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