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Inflammasomes

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Encyclopedia of Inflammatory Diseases

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Definition

Inflammasomes are multiprotein oligomer complexes that control activation of the proteolytic enzyme caspase-1. If the inflammasome includes NLRP3 as a component, it is called the NLRP3 inflammasome. In addition to NLRP3, other proteins, such as NLRC4, AIM2, or NLRP6, form other types of inflammasome. (This review was written in 2013. We apologize for not being able to reflect more recent articles for an editorial reason.)

Biosynthesis and Release

Components of Inflammasomes

Inflammasomes are cytosolic sensors, which mature and secrete the pro-inflammatory cytokines, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-18. Inflammasomes are expressed mainly in phagocytes, such as macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs), and form a multiprotein complex. Each inflammasome is termed by a protein included in the complex, such as NLRP3 [pyrin domain (PYD) containing 3] (also termed cryopyrin, CIAS1, NALP3), NLRP1 [NLR family, PYD containing 1], NLRC4 [NLR family, caspase recruitment domain (CARD) domain...

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA

    Makoto Inoue, Masashi Kanayama & Mari L. Shinohara

  2. Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA

    Mari L. Shinohara

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  1. Makoto Inoue
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  2. Masashi Kanayama
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Correspondence to Mari L. Shinohara .

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  1. Inst of Clinical Pharmacology Haus 74/75, JW Goethe University Frankfurt Fraunhofer IME, Frankfurt, Germany

    Michael Parnham

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Inoue, M., Kanayama, M., Shinohara, M.L. (2013). Inflammasomes. In: Parnham, M. (eds) Encyclopedia of Inflammatory Diseases. Birkhäuser, Basel. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-0620-6_77-1

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