Abstract
The text revision Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Psychiatry, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV-TR) lists the following diagnostic criteria for Tourette’s syndrome (TS) (1):
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1.
Both multiple motor and one or more vocal tics have been present at some time during the illness, although not necessarily concurrently.
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2.
The tics occur many times a day (usually in bouts) nearly every day or intermittently throughout a period of more than 1 year, and during this period there was never a tic-free period of more than 3 consecutive months.
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3.
The onset is before age 18 years.
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4.
The disturbance is not the result of the direct physiological effects of a substance (e.g., stimulants) or a general medical condition (e.g., Huntington’s disease or post-viral encephalitis).
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Budman, C., Kurlan, R. (2006). Tourette’s Syndrome. In: Jests, D.V., Friedman, J.H. (eds) Psychiatry for Neurologists. Current Clinical Neurology. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-960-8_17
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