Abstract
A challenge facing surgeons is identification and selection of patients for carotid endarterectomy or coronary artery bypass/surgical intervention. While some patients with atherosclerosis develop unstable plaques liable to undergo thrombosis, others form more stable plaques and are asymptomatic. Identification of the cellular signaling mechanisms associated with production of the inflammatory, hemorrhagic lesions of mature heterogenic plaques will help significantly in our understanding of the differences in microenvironment associated with development of regions susceptible to rupture and thrombosis and may help to predict the risk of plaque rupture and guide surgical intervention to patients who will most benefit. Here, we demonstrate detailed and novel methodologies for successful and, more importantly, accurate and reproducible extraction, sampling, and analysis of micro-regions in stable and unstable coronary/carotid arteries. This information can be applied to samples from other origins and so should be useful for scientists working with micro-isolation techniques in all fields of biomedical science.
Key words
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Nichols M, Townsend N, Luengo-Fernandez R, Leal J, Gray A, Scarborough P, Rayner M (2012) European cardiovascular disease statistics 2012. European Heart Network/European Society of Cardiology, Brussels/Sophia Antipolis
Mukherjee D, Patil CG (2011) Epidemiology and the global burden of stroke. World Neurosurg 76:85–90
Chowdhury M, Ghosh J, Slevin M, Smyth JV, Alexander MY, Serracino-Inglott F (2010) A comparative study of carotid atherosclerotic plaque microvessel density and angiogenic growth factor expression in symptomatic versus asymptomatic patients. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 39(4):388–395
Slevin M, Turu MM, Rovira N, Luque A, Baldellou M, Krupinski J, Badimon L (2010) Identification of a ‘snapshot’ of co-expressed angiogenic markers in laser-dissected vessels from unstable carotid plaques with targeted arrays. J Vasc Res 47(4):323–335
Slevin M, Krupinski J, Badimon L (2009) Controlling the angiogenic switch in developing atherosclerotic plaques: possible targets for therapeutic intervention. J Angiogenes Res 1(4):1–10
Bergers G, Song S (2005) The role of pericytes in blood-vessel formation and maintenance. Neuro Oncol 7(4):452–464
Rupp C, Dolznig H, Puri C, Schweifer N, Sommergruber W, Kraut N, Rettig WJ, Kerjaschki D, Garin-Chesa P (2006) Laser capture microdissection of epithelial cancers guided by antibodies against fibroblast activation and endosialin. Diagn Mol Pathol 15:35–42
Slevin M, Turu MM, Rovira N, Luque A, Baldellou M, Krupinski J et al (2009) Identification of a ‘Snapshot’ of co-expressed angiogenic markers in laser-dissected vessels from unstable carotid plaques with targeted arrays. J Vasc Res 47:323–335
Gräbner R, Lötzer K, Döpping S, Hildner M, Radke D, Beer M, Spanbroek R, Lippert B, Reardon CA, Getz GS, Fu YX, Hehlgans T, Mebius RE, van der Wall M, Kruspe D, Englert C, Lovas A, Hu D, Randolph GJ, Weih F, Habenicht AJ (2009) Lymphotoxin beta receptor signaling promotes tertiary lymphoid organogenesis in the aorta adventitia of aged ApoE-/- mice. J Exp Med 206:233–248
Tiwari S, Zhang Y, Heller J, Abernethy DR, Soldatov NM (2006) Atherosclerosis-related molecular alteration of the human CaV1.2 calcium channel alpha1C subunit. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103:17024–17029
Trogan E, Choudhury RP, Dansky HM, Rong JX, Breslow JL, Fisher EA (2002) Laser capture microdissection analysis of gene expression in macrophages from atherosclerotic lesions of apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 99:2234–2239
Babaev VR, Ishiguro H, Ding L, Yancey PG, Dove DE, Kovacs WJ, Semenkovich CF, Fazio S, Linton MF (2007) Macrophage expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha reduces atherosclerosis in low-density lipoprotein receptor-deficient mice. Circulation 116:1404–1412
Bobryshev YV (2005) Subset of cells immunopositive for neurokinin-1 receptor identified as arterial interstitial cells for Cajal in human large arteries. Cell Tissue Res 321:45–55
Acknowledgments
We would like to thank the PIV and the Foundation BBVA for their generous support of Professor Mark Slevin through the award of BBVA Chair in Clinical Biomedicine at the ICCC, St Pau Hospital, Barcelona. This work was also supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science (SAF2006-10091 to L.B.), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBEROBN-CB06/03 to L.B.), and RyC (RyC2007-01466 to M.B.-P.). Maribel Baldellou and Lina Badimon have received funding by the network REDINSCOR RD06/0003/0015.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2014 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Slevin, M. et al. (2014). Novel Methods for Accurate Identification, Isolation, and Genomic Analysis of Symptomatic Microenvironments in Atherosclerotic Arteries. In: Milner, R. (eds) Cerebral Angiogenesis. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1135. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-0320-7_24
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-0320-7_24
Publisher Name: Humana Press, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-0319-1
Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-0320-7
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols