Abstract
Among the most informative and facile methods for investigations of a superconductor are measurements of its static magnetization. The objective of this paper is to analyze some experimental features frequently observed in static (dc) magnetization studies of conventional and high-Tc superconductors. We shall discuss investigations employing measurement protocols in which the sample is cooled through the superconductive transition temperature in a finite magnetic field (“field-cooled”) and compare this with zero-field-cooled studies. Also considered are reversible and irreversible materials; particle size effects; some effects of granular and multiply-connected materials; penetration depth studies of type II materials in the vortex state; and fine scale “multiconnected” materials formed by heavy ion irradiation that produces very significant enhancements of the critical current density Jc in the high temperature superconductor Y1Ba2Cu307. Many of these superconductors are “non-ideal” in that they may contain defects and inhomogeneities or may have small dimensions comparable with microscopic superconductive lengths. Practically speaking, however, such materials are often encountered experimentally and can have very desirable physical properties, such as the high Jc values that developed in the ion-irradiated crystal. In the following, we assume that the reader is familiar with the fundamentals of superconductivity, which are thoroughly treated in many sources.1–4
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Thompson, J.R. et al. (1991). Studies of “Non-ideal” Superconductors using Dc Magnetic Methods. In: Hein, R.A., Francavilla, T.L., Liebenberg, D.H. (eds) Magnetic Susceptibility of Superconductors and Other Spin Systems. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-2379-0_7
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