Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Detection Range and Range Resolution of Echolocating Bottlenose Porpoise (Tursiops truncatus)

  • Chapter
Animal Sonar Systems

Part of the book series: NATO Advanced Study Institutes Series ((ASIAS,volume 28))

Abstract

Most of the quantifiable information available on object detection by echolocating odontocetes has resulted from studies conducted in tanks, and only a few of them have had maximum range of detection as their primary goal (Evans, 1973). The results of Zaslavskiy et al. (1969) as reported by Ayrapet’yants and Konstan-tinov (1974), indicated detection ranges (90% correct response) of 11 m for a metal cylinder (75 mm in height and diameter), 7.3 m for a plastic cylinder (115 mm high, diameter not given) and 6.8 m for a wooden cylinder (115 mm high, diameter not given). The subject of this experiment was a Tursiops truncatus. No other information was given.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Au, W. W. L, 1979, Echolocation signals of the Atlantic bottlenose dolphin Tursiops truncatus in open waters, this volume.

    Google Scholar 

  • Au, W. W. L., Floyd, R. W., and Haun, J. E., 1978, Propagation of Atlantic bottlenose dolphin echolocation signals, J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 64:411.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Au, W. W. L., and Hammer, C., 1978, Analysis of target recognition via echolocation by an Atlantic bottlenose porpoise (Tursiops truncatus), J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 60:587.

    Google Scholar 

  • Au, W. W. L., Floyd, R. W., Penner, R. H., and Murchison, A. E., 1974, Measurement of echolocation signals of the Atlantic bottlenose dolphin, Tursiopstruncatus (Montagu), in open waters, J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 56:1280.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Aryapet’yants, E. Sh., Golubkov, A. G., Yershova, I. V., Zhezherin, A. R., Zvorkin, V. N., and Korolev, V. I., 1969, Echolocation differentiation and characteristics of radiated pulses in dolphins, Report of the Academy of Science of the USSR, 188:1197 (English translation JPRS 49479).

    Google Scholar 

  • Ayrapet’yants, E. Sh., and Konstantinov, 1974, “Echolocation in Nature”, Nauka, Leningrad (English translation JPRS 63328).

    Google Scholar 

  • Babkin, V. P., and Dubrovskiy, N. A., 1971, Range of action and noise stability of the echolocation system of the bottle-nose dolphin in detection of various targets, Tr. Akust. Inst., Moscow, 17:29, as cited in: “Sensory Bases of Cetacean Orientation”, Nauka, Leningrad (English translation JPRS L/7157).

    Google Scholar 

  • Bel’kovich, V. M., and Dubrovskiy, N. A., 1976, “Sensory Bases of Cetacean Orientation”, Nauka, Leningrad (English translation JPRS L/7157).

    Google Scholar 

  • Bel’kovich, V. M., and Nesterenko, I., 1971, How the dolphin’s locator operates, Priroda, 7:71 (German translation by W. Petri, 1974, Naturwissenschaftliche Rundschau, 0004:0143).

    Google Scholar 

  • Bullock, T. H., Grinnell, A. D., Ikezono, E., Kameda, K., Katsuki, Y., Nomoto, M., Sato, O., Suga, N., Yanagisawa, K., 1968, Electrophysiological studies of central auditory mechanisms in cetaceans, Zeitschrift für vergleichende Physiol., 59:117.

    Google Scholar 

  • Busnel, R.-G., Dziedzic, A., 1966, Acoustic signals of the pilot Whale Globicephala melaena and the porpoises Delphinus delphis and Phocoena phocoena, in: “Whales, Dolphins, and Porpoises”, K. S. Norris, ed., U. of California Press, Berkeley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Caine, N. G., 1976, “Time Separation Pitch and the Dolphin’s Sonar Discrimination of Distance”, Master’s Dissertation, San Diego State University.

    Google Scholar 

  • Diercks, K. J., 1972, Biological Sonar Systems: A Bionics Survey, Applied Research Laboratories, ARL-TR-72–34, Austin, Texas.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dubrovskiy, N. A., Krasnov, P. S., and Titov, A. A., 1971, Discrimination of solid elastic spheres by an echolocating porpoise, Tursiops truncatus, in: “Proc. 7th International Acoust. Conf.”, Budapest.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eberhardt, R. L., and Evans, W. E., 1962, Sound activity of the California gray whale, Eschrichtius glaucus, J. Aud. Eng. Soc, 10:324.

    Google Scholar 

  • Evans, W. E., 1967, Discussion, in: “Animal Sonar Systems, Biology and Bionics”, R.-G. Busnel, ed., Laboratoire de Physiologie Acoustique, Jouy-en-Josas, France.

    Google Scholar 

  • Evans, W. E., 1973, Echolocation by marine delphinids and one species of fresh-water dolphin, J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 54:191.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Evans, W. E., and Dreher, J. J., 1962, Observations on scouting behavior and associated sound production by the Pacific bottlenosed porpoise (Tursiops gilli Dall), Bull. Soc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 61:217.

    Google Scholar 

  • Evans, W. E., and Powell, B. A., 1967, Discrimination. of different metallic plates by an echolocating delphinid, in: “Animal Sonar Systems, Biology and Bionics”, R.-G. Busnel, ed., Laboratoire de Physiologie Acoustique, Jouy-en-Josas, France.

    Google Scholar 

  • Evans, W. E., Sutherland, W. W., and Beil, R. G., 1964, The directional characteristics of delphinid sounds, in: “Marine Bio-Acoustics, Proceedings of the First Symposium on Marine Bio-Acoustics, Bimini”, W. N. Tavolga, ed., Pergamon Press, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fay, R. R., 1974, Auditory frequency discrimination in vertebrates, J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 56:206.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Giro, L. R., and Dubrovskiy, N. A., 1972, Correlation between recurrence frequency of delphinid echolocation signals and difficulty of echoranging problem, in.: Marine Instrument Building Series, 2:84, as cited in: “Marine Mammals, Proceedings of the Sixth All-Union Conference on the Study of Marine Mammals,” G. B. Agarkov, ed., Nauka Dumka, Kiev (English translation JPRS L/6049).

    Google Scholar 

  • Green, D. M., and Swets, J. A., 1966, “Signal Detection Theory and Psychophysics”, John Wiley and Sons, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Grinnell, A. D., 1967, Mechanisms of overcoming interference in echolocating animals, in: “Animal Sonar Systems, Biology and Bionics”, R.-G. Busnel, ed., Laboratoire de Physiologie Acoustique, Jouy-en-Josas, France.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hartridge, H., 1920, The avoidance of objects by bats in flight, J. Physiol., 54:54.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hinde, R. A., 1970, “Animal Behavior, A Synthesis of Ethology and Comparative Psychology”, McGraw-Hill, Palo Alto.

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnson, C. S., 1967, Discussion to paper by Evans and Powell, in: “Animal Sonar Systems, Biology and Bionics”, R.-G. Busnel, ed., Laboratoire de Physiologie Acoustique, Jouy-en-Josas, France.

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnson, C. S., 1967, Sound detection thresholds in marine mammals, in: “Marine Bio-Acoustics, Proc. of the Second Symposium on Marine Bio-Acoustics, New York”, W. N. Tavolga, ed., Pergamon Press, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnson, R. A., 1979, Energy spectrum analysis in echolocation, this volume.

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnson, R. A., and Titlebaum, E. L., 1976, Energy spectrum analysis: a model of echolocation processing, J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 60:484.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kay, L., 1962, A plausible explanation of the bat’s echolocation acuity, Animal Behaviour, 10:34.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kellogg, W. N., 1960, Auditory scanning in the dolphin, Psych. Rec., 10:25.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kenshalo, D. R., 1967, Discussion, in: “Animal Sonar Systems, Biology and Bionics”, R.-G. Busnel, ed., Laboratoire de Physiologie Acoustique, Jouy-en-Josas, France.

    Google Scholar 

  • Leatherwood, J. S., Johnson, R. A., Ljungblad, D. K., and Evans, W. E., 1977, “Broadband measurements of underwater acoustic target strengths of panels of tuna nets”, NOSC TR 126, San Diego.

    Google Scholar 

  • Love, R. H., 1971, Measurements of fish target strength: a review, Fish. Bull., 69:703.

    Google Scholar 

  • McCue, J. J. G., 1966, Aural pulse compression by bats and humans, J. Acoust. Soc. Amer., 40:545.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mermoz, H., 1967, Discussion, in: “Animal Sonar Systems, Biology and Bionics”, R.-G. Busnel, ed., Laboratoire de Physiologie Acoustique, Jouy-en-Josas, France.

    Google Scholar 

  • Morozov, V. P., Akopian, A. I., Burdin, V. I., Donskov, A. A., Zaytseva, K. A., and Sokovykh, Tu. A., 1971, Delphinid audiogram, Sechenov Physiol. Jour., of the USSR, 57(6):843.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Morozov, V. P., Akopian, A. I., Burdin, V. I., Zaytseva, K. A., and Sokovykh, Yu. A., 1972, Tracking frequency of the location signals of dolphins as a function of distance to the target, Biofizika, 17:139 (English translation JPRS 55729).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Morozov, V. P., Akopian, A. I., Zaytseva, K. A., and Titov, A. A., 1975, On the characteristics of spatial directivity of the dolphin acoustic system in signal perception against the background of noise, in: “Marine Mammals, Proceedings of the Sixth All-Union Conference on the Study of Marine Mammals,” G. B. Agarkov, ed., Naukova Dumka, Kiev (English translation JPRS L/6049).

    Google Scholar 

  • Murchison, A. E., 1979, “Maximum Detection Range and Range Resolution in Echolocating Tursiops truncatus (Montague)”, Ph. D. Dissertation, U. of California at Santa Cruz, California. (Manuscript).

    Google Scholar 

  • Nordmark, J., 1961, Perception of distance in animal echolocation, Nature, 190:363.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Norris, K. S., 1964, Some problems of echolocation in cetaceans, in: “Marine Bio-Acoustics, Proceedings of the First Symposium on Marine Bio-Acoustics, Bimini”, W. N. Tavolga, ed., Pergamon Press, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Norris, K. S., 1968, The evolution of acoustic mechanisms in odont-ocete cetaceans, in: “Evolution and Environment”, E. T. Drake, ed., Yale Univ. Press, New Haven.

    Google Scholar 

  • Norris, K. S., 1974, “The Porpoise Watcher”, George J. McLeod, Limited, Toronto.

    Google Scholar 

  • Norris, K. S., and Evans, W. E., 1967, Directionality of echo-location clicks in the rough-tooth porpoise Steno bredan-ensis (Lesson), in: “Marine Bio-Acoustics, Proceedings Second Symposium on Marine Bio-Acoustics, New York”, W. N. Tavolga, ed., Pergamon Press, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Norris, K. S., Evans, W. E., and Turner, R. N., 1967, Echolocation of an Atlantic bottlenose porpoise during discrimination, in: “Animal Sonar Systems, Biology and Bionics”, R.-G. Busnel, ed., Laboratoire de Physiologie Acoustique, Jouy-en-Josas, France.

    Google Scholar 

  • Norris, K. S., Prescott, J. H., Asa-Dorian, P. V. and Perkins, P., 1961, An experimental demonstration of echolocation behavior in the porpoise, Tursiops truncatus (Montagu), Biol. Bull., 120:163.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Penner, R. and Murchison, A. E., 1970, Experimentally demonstrated echolocation in the Amazon river porpoise Inia geoffrensis (Blainville), Proc. 7th Ann. Conf. Biol. Sonar and Diving Mammals, 7:17.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pye, J. D., 1961, Perception of distance in animal echolocation, Nature, 190:362.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pye, J. D., 1967, Discussion, in: “Animal Sonar Systems, Biology and Bionics”, R.-G. Busnel, ed., Laboratoire de Physiologie Acoustique, Jouy-en-Josas, France.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pye, J. D., 1971, Bats and fog, Nature, 229:572.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Romanenko, Ye. V., Tomilin, A. G., and Artemenko, B. A., 1965, in: “Bionica”, M. G. Gaaze-Rapoport and V. E. Yakobi, eds., Nauka, Moscow (English translation JPRS 35125).

    Google Scholar 

  • Sales, G., and Pye, D., 1974, “Ultrasonic Communication by Animals”, Chapman and Hall, London.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Schevill, W. E., and Lawrence, B., 1956, Food-finding by a captive porpoise (Tursiops truncatus), Breviora Museum Comp. Zool., 53:1.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schusterman, R. J., 1968, Experimental laboratory studies of pinniped behaviour, in: “The Behaviour and Physiology of Pinnipeds”, R. J. Harrison, R. C. Hubbard, R. S. Peterson, C. E. Rice, and R. J. Schusterman, eds., Appleton-Century-Crofts, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schusterman, R. J., 1979, Behavioral methodology in echolocation by marine mammals, this volume.

    Google Scholar 

  • Simmons, J. A., 1969, “Depth Perception by Sonar in the Bat Eptes-icus fuscus”, Doctoral dissertation, Princeton University, University Microfilms, Inc., Ann Arbor.

    Google Scholar 

  • Simmons, J. A., 1971a, The sonar receiver of the bat, Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., 188:167.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Simmons, J. A., 1971b, Echolocation in bats: Signal processing of echoes for target range, Science, 171:925.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Simmons, J. A., 1973, The resolution of target range by echolocating bats, J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 54:157.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Simmons, J. A., Altes, R. A., Beuter, K. J., Bullock, T. H., Capranica, R. R., Goldstein, J. L., Griffin, D. R., Konishi, M., Neff, W. D., Neuweiler, G., Schnitzler, H. U., Schuller, G., Sovijarvi, A. R. A., and Suga, N., 1977. Localization and identification of acoustic signals, with reference to echolocation, group report, in: “Dahlem Workshop on Recognition of Complex Acoustic Signals, Berlin, 1976”, T. H. Bullock, ed., Abakon Verlagsgesellschaft, Berlin.

    Google Scholar 

  • Steele, J. W., 1971, Marine-environment cetacean holding and training enclosures, NUC TP, 227, San Diego.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stevens, S. S., 1975, “Psychophysics: Introduction to its Perceptual, Neural, and Social Prospects,” G. Stevens, ed., John Wiley and Sons, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stewart, J. L., 1968, Analog simulation studies in echoranging, T. D. R. N°. AMRL-TR-68-40, Aerospace Medical Div., U. S. A. F. Systems Command.

    Google Scholar 

  • Strother, G. K., 1961, Note on the possible use of ultrasonic pulse compression by bats, J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 33:696.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Thurlow, W. R., and Small, A. H., 1955, Pitch perception for certain periodic auditory stimuli, J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 27:132.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tinbergen, L., 1960, The natural control of insects in pinewoods, I. Factors influencing the intensity of predation by song birds, Arch, neerl. Zool., 13:265.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Titov, A. A., 1972, Investigation of sonic activity and phenomeno-logical characteristics of the echolocation analyzer of Black Sea delphinids. Canditorial dissertation, Karadag, as cited in: Bel’kovich, V. M., and Dubrovskiy, N. A., 1976, “Sensory Bases of Cetacean Orientation”, Nauka, Leningrad (English translation JPRS L/7157).

    Google Scholar 

  • von Uexküll, J., 1934, Streifzuge durch die Umwelten von Tieren und Menschen, Translated in: “Instinctive Behaviour”, 1957, C. H. Schiller, ed., Methuen, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Urick, R. J., 1975, “Principles of Underwater Sound”, McGraw-Hill Co., New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vel’min, V. A., 1975, Target detection by the bottlenose dolphin under artificial reverberation conditions, in: “Marine Mammals, Proceedings of the Sixth All-Union Conference on the Study of Marine Mammals”, G. B. Agarkov, ed., Naukova, Dumka, Kiev, (English translation JPRS L/6049).

    Google Scholar 

  • Vel’min, V. A., and Dubrovskiy, N. A., 1975, On the auditory analysis of pulsed sounds by dolphins, Doklady Akad. Nauk., SSSR, 225(2):470.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vel’min, V. A., and Dubrovskiy, N. A., 1976, The critical interval of active hearing in dolphins, Sov. Phys. Acoust., 22(4): 351.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vel’min, V. A., and Titov, A. A., 1975, Auditory discrimination of interpulse intervals by bottlenose dolphin, in: “Marine Mammals, Proceedings of the Sixth All-Union Conference on the Study of Marine Mammals”, G. B. Agarkov, ed., Naukova Dumka, Kiev (English translation JPRS L/6049).

    Google Scholar 

  • Webster, F. A., 1967, Interception performance of echolocating bats in the presence of interference, in: “Animal Sonar Systems, Biology and Bionics”, R.-G. Busnel, ed., Laboratoire de Physiologie Acoustique, Jouy-en-Josas, France.

    Google Scholar 

  • Woodworth, R. S., and Scholsberg, H., 1954, “Experimental Psychology”, revised edition, Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, Inc. New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zaslavskiy, G. L., 1974, Experimental study of time and space structure of the dolphin’s echolocating signals, candidat-orial dissertation, Karadag, as cited rn: Bel’kovich V. M., Dubrovskiy, N. A., 1976, “Sensory Bases of Cetacean Orientation”, Nauka, Leningrad (English translation JPRS L/7157).

    Google Scholar 

  • Zaslavskiy, G. L., Titov, A. A., and Lekomtsev, V. M., 1969, Research on the sonar abilities of the bottlenose dolphin, Trudy Akusticheskogo Instituta, 8:134, as cited in: Ayra-pet’yants, E. Sh., and Konstantinov, A. I., 1974, “Echolocation in Nature”, Nauka, Leningrad (English trans. JPRS 63328)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Naval Ocean Systems Center, Kailua, Hawaii, 96734, USA

    A. Earl Murchison

Authors
  1. A. Earl Murchison
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, Jouy-en-Josas, France

    René-Guy Busnel

  2. Sonatech, Inc., Goleta, California, USA

    James F. Fish

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1980 Plenum Press, New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Murchison, A.E. (1980). Detection Range and Range Resolution of Echolocating Bottlenose Porpoise (Tursiops truncatus). In: Busnel, RG., Fish, J.F. (eds) Animal Sonar Systems. NATO Advanced Study Institutes Series, vol 28. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-7254-7_3

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-7254-7_3

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-7256-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-7254-7

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation